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15 August 2024, Volume 43 Issue 8 Previous Issue   

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Study on the influence of inward ambient wind on fire temperature distribution of double-deck suspension bridge Lu Jiaming, Zhang Taike, An Weiguang, Song Xiaofeng 2024, 43 (8):  1051-1058.  Abstract ( 146 )   In order to study the impact of high temperature on the key part of the bottom of the upper deck when a vehicle fire occurs in the lower deck of a double-deck suspension bridge, a typical double-deck suspension bridge fire numerical simulation model is established based on the FDS, and the highest temperature point on the temperature observation line at the bottom of the upper deck is taken as the research object to analyze the effect of the different vehicle fire powers and the inward ambient wind speeds of the common sea surface wind level on the temperature and offset distance of the highest temperature point on the temperature observation line in the case of a large vehicle fire. The quantitative analysis method is used to establish mathematical models. The results show that: when the heat release rate varies between 30 and 200 MW, and the inward ambient wind speed varies between 0.1 and 6.7 m/s, the temperature of the highest temperature point on the temperature observation line at the bottom of the upper bridge deck is directly proportional to the heat release rate, and inversely proportional to the wind speed, and the offset distance of the highest temperature point is inversely proportional to the heat release rate; the amount of change of the dimensionless highest temperature is directly proportional to 0.8 power of the dimensionless fire heat release rate and is negatively correlated to the dimensionless inward wind speed; the dimensionless maximum temperature point offset distance has a complex logarithmic relationship with the dimensionless fire source power with an overall trend of negative correlation, and a nonlinear increasing logarithmic relationship with the dimensionless wind speed with a positive trend. Therefore, the effects of fire source power and inward wind speed on the maximum temperature point in vehicle fires on double-deck suspension bridges are competitive, and this mathematical model can be used for bridge fire protection design and accurate prediction of the maximum temperature point at the fire scene. Related Articles | Metrics

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Explosion characteristics of discontinuous distribution methane/air in closed pipe Zheng Kai, Zhou Peng 2024, 43 (8):  1059-1065.  Abstract ( 85 )   In this paper, the effect of discontinuous distribution of premixed gas on methane/air explosion was studied experimentally in a rectangular closed pipe with a length of 900 mm and a section of 100 mm×100 mm. Segmentally introduce methane/air with a volume fraction of 9.5% into the pipe to form two types of discontinuous distribution premixed gases: methane/air-air and methane/air-air-methane/air. The results show that the flame propagation distance, flame tip speed and explosion overpressure increase with the shortening of the air area. Especially in the form of methane/air-air-methane/air distribution, when the intermediate air area is less than 500 mm, the flame will pass through and cause a secondary explosion, and its overpressure will increase with the decrease of the air area. The research results can provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of natural gas explosion accidents. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on thermal runaway of ternary lithium battery overcharge under different charging conditions Peng Wei, Gong Yao, Xie Qi, Ren Junsheng 2024, 43 (8):  1066-1071.  Abstract ( 97 )   To investigate the effects of charging rates and their adjustments on thermal runaway in ternary lithium batteries under overcharging conditions, the batteries were overcharged to thermal runaway at rates of 0.5C, 1.0C, and 1.5C, respectively. Additionally, the charging rate was gradually increased from 0.5C to the point where the battery surface temperature no longer rose, using increments of 0.5C and 0.07C until thermal runaway occurred. Results indicate that overcharging at 0.5C does not lead to thermal runaway in a short time span; however, at 1.0C and 1.5C, thermal runaway occurs, with a shorter time to thermal runaway and greater severity at 1.5C. Compared to the 0.5C increment method, increasing the charging rate by 0.07C significantly raises the critical charging rate, reducing the risk of thermal runaway. During the gradual increase with 0.07C, there is a turning point rate: below this rate, the charging rate correlates linearly with the peak temperature; above it, further increases lead to thermal runaway. Initiating with 0.5C overcharging followed by rate increments results in lower thermal runaway risks compared to direct 1.0C and 1.5C overcharging. Therefore, lower charging rates should be adopted under practical needs, and if rate increases are necessary, gradual increments help mitigate thermal runaway risks. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on thermal runaway of large-capacity lithium-ion batteries under the combined action of normal charging Zhang Jun, He Xiaolong, Wang Ziyang, Yao Bin 2024, 43 (8):  1072-1076.  Abstract ( 61 )   This article focuses on a 50 Ah high-capacity NCM battery as the research object, using thermal runaway（TR） time as the standard for the combination of electric and thermal working conditions. By changing the initial SOC and charging rate of the battery, TR experiments were carried out under the combined effects of normal charging and local overheating in different scenarios. Changes of thermal and electric parameter characteristics such as TR time, combustion behavior, TR SOC, maximum surface temperature, temperature rise rate and voltage peak of the battery in different scenarios were analyzed in detail. The results show that under the combined effect of normal charging and thermal abuse, the higher the initial SOC of the battery, the higher the charging rate, and the shorter the TR time. The severity of TR is determined by the battery's TR SOC; When the battery is at a lower SOC, it will experience TR during charging, and the voltage will suddenly increase to over 10 V before TR and then suddenly drop to zero. When the battery is at a higher SOC, the difference between the combined effect and single abuse of TR is significantly reduced. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study of CH4 laminar jet flame combustion characteristics and charged particle concentration Li Yaqing, Li Haochen, Zhang Yutao, Che Bo 2024, 43 (8):  1077-1085.  Abstract ( 54 )   In order to study the combustion characteristics of jet flames formed by natural gas pipeline leakage fires, a CH4 laminar combustion system was independently constructed and the morphology, temperature and charged particle concentration transport law of the flame above the jet outlet were analysed by comparing the response characteristics of the flames with different nozzle sizes under the conditions of 0.48~0.72 L/min jet flow. The results show that for the same nozzle size, the geometry of the jet flame and the average temperature of the measurement point increase with the increase of the jet flow rate, but the jet exit temperature for different nozzle sizes decreases with the increase of the nozzle flow rate. In addition, the value of the ionic current at the flame root increases the closer to the nozzle region, but the maximum value does not exceed 1.0 μA, and the rate of change of the flame axial ionic current decreases with the increase of the flow rate, and the value of the ionic current at the flame edge decreases with the increase of the distance between the measurement point and the nozzle. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries for electric bicycles in semi enclosed spaces Rong Jianzhong, Lv Yinhua, Zhang Linzhi, Lin Sang 2024, 43 (8):  1086-1090.  Abstract ( 68 )   This article presents a saddle bracket model covered with flame-retardant protective curtains, based on the ISO 9705 test platform, a thermal runaway device for electric bicycles was constructed. The thermal runaway characteristics of 20 Ah/48 V LFP battery and 35 Ah/60 V NCM battery for electric bicycles were studied in a semi enclosed space of 197.0 L. The results showed that under experimental conditions, the peak heat release rate of LFP batteries battery was 151.40 kW, and the highest flame temperature measured at 30 cm outside the pressure relief port was 597.5 ℃; The peak heat release rate of NCM battery can reach 0.86 MW, and the highest flame temperature measured at 30 cm outside the pressure relief port is 630.3 ℃. Related Articles | Metrics

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Numerical study on smoke flow and control of fire in Shenzhen-Zhongshan immersed tunnel Wang Liang, Zhang Haining, Liu Songlin 2024, 43 (8):  1091-1099.  Abstract ( 48 )   In order to study the smoke flow and control effect of the new smoke exhaust method of the supplementary exhaust ducts combined with the side wall exhaust vent on immersed tunnel fire, taking Shenzhen-Zhongshan tunnel as an example, the method of combining theoretical analysis with computational fluid dynamics was used to study the flow characteristics of smoke by analyzing the critical velocity, the smoke back-layering length and the low-temperature region of smoke bifurcation. A modified model of critical velocity and smoke back-layering length of immersed tunnel fire was proposed, and a prediction model of low-temperature zone length of smoke bifurcation flow was proposed. The results show that when the dimensionless heat release rate is less than 0.139, the critical velocity is proportional to 1/3 of the dimensionless heat release rate of the fire source. When the longitudinal velocity increases from 1.5 m/s to 4.0 m/s, the peak temperatures of 10, 20, 30, 50 MW fires are reduced by 35%, 48%, 46%, 43%, respectively. Bifurcation occurs under the action of strong longitudinal velocity. The prediction model of the length of the low-temperature region of the bifurcated flow is obtained by analyzing the temperature of the tunnel center line and the side wall, and the error of the prediction result is within 10%. Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the application of aerogel products in fire resistant components Xu Wenfei, Li Xiquan, Guo Zhansheng, Liang Runjie 2024, 43 (8):  1100-1104.  Abstract ( 49 )   As the country accelerates the “dual carbon” strategy and low-carbon transformation in the construction field, aerogel materials with extremely low thermal conductivity develop rapidly. With the development of aerogel preparation technology, aerogel products began to appear and be applied. In order to study the fire resistance of aerogel products and explore their applicability in fire resistant building components, two fire resistant building components, aerogel composite fire resistant glass and aerogel expanded perlite door, were selected to test the fire resistance and other items according to the standard requirements. The results show, aerogel composite fire resistant glass has excellent heat resistance, cold resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance. Under high temperature conditions, it can maintain fire integrity within 90 minutes, and lose fire resistance and heat insulation after 85 minutes. Aerogel expanded perlite smoke toxicity and combustion performance are in line with the requirements of GB 12955-2008,Fire Doors, and the doors can maintain fire insulation within 90 minutes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on fire resistance and stability of ultra-high fire partition wall with steel frame and rock wool sandwich panel Hao Tengfei, Zhao Dongfu, Li Lei, Wang Changhui, Fu Yan 2024, 43 (8):  1105-1110.  Abstract ( 46 )   In order to meet the demand for lightweight, ultra-high fire partition wall in large industrial plants, a steel-framed rock wool sandwich panel ultra-high fire partition wall is proposed, and its fire resistance and stability are studied. Using the heating method of ISO-834 standard heating temperature-time curve, a scaled-down 1:0.3 rock wool sandwich panel fire partition wall is tested by a one-sided fire test. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, both scaled and full-scale models are established to investigate the temperature field changes on the fire-exposed and non-fire-exposed sides before and after the fire optimization of the fire partition wall. The results indicate that the temperature and deformation of the scaled experimental model are basically consistent with the scaled finite element model. After fire optimization, the maximum temperature on the non-fire-exposed side of the full-scale finite element model of the rock wool sandwich panel ultra-high fire partition wall decreased by 64.3%, and the maximum deformation decreased by 75.5%. The fire resistance and stability were significantly improved, meeting the requirements for thermal insulation and integrity of fire partition wall in the Fire-resistance tests-Elements of building construction. In terms of fire partition wall design, a steel-framed rock wool sandwich panel ultra-high fire partition wall with a weight of 50 kg/m2 requires a steel column every 8 m in the span direction and a steel beam every 4 m in the height direction, providing a reference for the design of lightweight, ultra-high fire partition wall with steel framed rock wool sandwich panels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on information fusion technology of multi-mode physical sign sensors for firefighters Qu Tianyi, Hong Yingzheng 2024, 43 (8):  1111-1115.  Abstract ( 52 )   To ensure the occupational safety and health of firefighters, improve their physical fitness and training effectiveness, research is being conducted on the fusion technology of multi sign sensor information for firefighters. In response to the problem that vital sign monitoring equipment is susceptible to harsh environments during firefighting training, significant work movements of firefighters, and interference from personal protective equipment of firefighters, resulting in reduced accuracy of data collection and ineffective or missing data collection, this article adopts the design of multi-mode sensor cross collection to monitor firefighter physical sign indicators. Multi-mode sensors are used to monitor firefighter's electrocardiogram and pulse waves from different positions, and the collected signals are denoised using wavelet threshold contraction method and fast sliding mean filtering. Then, feature recognition and fusion are carried out based on the discrete and continuous types of data. After integration, tests were conducted in several scenarios such as power bicycles, heavy rain environments, firefighter tire rolling, and drag dummy training, indicating a significant improvement in the monitoring accuracy and fault tolerance of the multi-mode vital sign monitoring unit. Related Articles | Metrics

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The design of firefighting mesh private network base station based on 5G technology Liang Yunjie, Xing Ao, Yuan Mingming 2024, 43 (8):  1116-1121.  Abstract ( 41 )   A fire mesh dedicated network communication base station based on 5G technology has been designed, which uses key technologies such as bidirectional OFDM transmission technology, carrier aggregation, wireless sensing anti-interference, and routing algorithms in mixed scenarios. Without increasing the transmission power of the base station, the network communication rate is increased, the transmission distance is expanded, and the anti-interference performance is improved. Network performance testing and field application testing have been conducted in laboratory environments. The experimental results show that the maximum communication bandwidth of private network base stations can reach 100 Mbps, and the point-to-point transmission distance of base stations can reach more than 80 km, effectively avoiding interference from other useless signals in the same frequency band. After multi hop networking, the base station still has high data transmission ability and the delay is basically the same as that of dual hop networking. This base station can serve as the core communication node of the digital battlefield, solving the problems faced by traditional Mesh equipment and technology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design and optimization of integrated fireproof and thermal insulation structure for firefighting robot based on SiO2 aerogel Wang Xiao, Wang Lei, Liu Tianqi, Zhang Guowei 2024, 43 (8):  1122-1127.  Abstract ( 55 )   An integrated thermal protection structure based on SiO2 aerogels was established to solve the problem of external surface thermal protection of firefighting robots. The heat transfer model of the thermal protection structure is set up, and the temperature distribution of the integrated structure under different working conditions is simulated by ANSYS software to analyze the thermal insulation performance and heat transfer mechanism. Different thermal insulation materials are compared, the sensitivity of the integrated thermal protection structure is analyzed by using the optimal Latin hypercube method, and the thickness of the structure is optimized by using genetic algorithm under the premise of meeting the constraints. The results show that SiO2 aerogels have better thermal insulation performance than other thermal insulation materials. At the same time, compared with the glass fiber with similar thermal insulation performance, the thermal insulation capacity is increased by 57% under the same thickness, and the surface density and thickness optimization are increased by 9.1% and 8.3%, respectively, and the maximum cold surface temperature of the body structure is reduced by 56.5%, and the anti-thermal insulation performance of the integrated thermal protection structure is significantly improved. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on sealing performance of foam to solvent oil vapor under different foaming methods Jing Lishuai, Bao Zhiming, Chen Yang, Hu Cheng 2024, 43 (8):  1128-1131.  Abstract ( 43 )   The efficacy of fine water mist as a cooling medium has garnered acclaim for its superior performance in mitigating thermal runaway phenomena within lithium-ion batteries. This investigation comprehensively evaluates the role of heat dissipation from safety valve-released gases and assesses the suppressive effects of fine water mist on the progression of thermal runaway at various stages. The study meticulously analyzes the thermal dynamics throughout the thermal runaway event, elucidating the kinetic principles that underpin the interaction between the battery flame and the fine water mist. The salient findings from this research are as follows: A critical threshold of accumulated heat density is identified, beyond which the fine water mist's cooling effect fails to inhibit thermal runaway, although it substantially diminishes the cooling duration post-thermal runaway; The initiation of thermal runaway is accompanied by a dynamic interaction with the fine water mist, which is observed to alter the flame's morphology and to increase the interfacial pressure significantly. This research introduces a novel cooling efficacy factor that quantifies the equilibrium state between the fine water mist and the thermal runaway flame, providing a nuanced assessment of the cooling strategy's effectiveness. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the suppression of thermal runaway and flame confrontation of lithium-ion batteries with water mist Zhang Qian, Chen Huimin, Jin Yuan, Liu Tong 2024, 43 (8):  1132-1137.  Abstract ( 78 )   This paper introduces the basic structure and working principle of lithium-ion batteries, analyzes the trigger mode of thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries, and focuses on the analysis of fire extinguishing mechanism, fire extinguishing agent preparation and fire extinguishing performance of three new lithium-ion battery fire extinguishing agents, namely hydrogel fire extinguishing agent, perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent and dry water fire extinguishing agent. On this basis, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the three fire extinguishing agents, and provides ideas for the improvement of the fire extinguishing effect and performance of the fire extinguishing agent in the future. It is of great significance to improve the safety of lithium-ion batteries and promote the development and application of electrochemical energy storage technology. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of new fire extinguishing agents for suppressing lithium battery fires Zhang Qihou, Li Sicheng, Liu Jialing 2024, 43 (8):  1138-1144.  Abstract ( 1189 )   Based on the flux chamber test model developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, this study investigates the impact of several factors, such as expansion, foam thickness, and drainage time, on the sealing performance of synthetic foam extinguishing agents. The investigation is conducted under the production mode of compressed air foam. Additionally, the study compares and analyzes the sealing performance of compressed air foam and aspirated foam, aiming to elucidate the mechanisms that influence foam sealing performance. The results indicate that the foam stability of the synthetic foam extinguishing agent does not necessarily increase with expansion. It is found that the inhibition of the liquid film on oil vapor in the foam plays a crucial role in foam sealing performance. Specifically, lower foaming ratios result in higher liquid content in the foam, ultimately enhancing the sealing performance against oil vapor. Based on these findings, it is recommended to employ foam with a expansion of less than 10 for tackling 120# solvent oil leakage accidents. Furthermore, the study shows that, under the same expansion, compressed air foam exhibits superior stability, higher liquid content, and better sealing performance compared to aspirated foam. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on inhibition of thermal runaway propagation of lithium battery pack by water mist with different additives Shen Qianqian, Peng Wei, Zhang Shaojie, Zhu Siting 2024, 43 (8):  1145-1150.  Abstract ( 50 )   Taking 18650 ternary lithium battery as the research object, this paper explores the characteristics of thermal runaway propagation of lithium battery, and then studies the effect and mechanism of inhibition of thermal runaway propagation by applying different types of additive water mist at different disaster times. The results show that the propagation of thermal runaway in the triangle-arranged battery module can be divided into three characteristic moments: thermal runaway initiation, thermal runaway peer layer propagation and thermal runaway interlayer propagation. Due to the preheating effect of the upper layer, the thermal runaway peer layer propagation is faster than the inter-layer propagation. At different disaster times, pure water mist, 1%CAB-35 water mist and 4%APG0810 water mist were applied respectively. It was found that the effect of water mist on restraining thermal runaway propagation of lithium battery was consistent with its cooling effect on single target battery. 4% APG0810 water mist can significantly reduce the maximum thermal runaway temperature of the target battery, and has the best effect on inhibiting thermal runaway propagation, which can inhibit thermal runaway propagation in the same layer and between layers. 1%CAB-35 water mist and pure water mist with no obvious thermal runaway cooling can inhibit the thermal runaway propagation between layers, but can not inhibit the thermal runaway propagation in the same layer. Through the solution performance test of different additives, it was found that the inhibition ability of 4% APG0810 water mist was significantly better than the other two, because 4% APG0810 has the lowest surface tension and contact angle, and its foaming property and foam stability are also the best. The combined effect of these effects improves the inhibition effect of thermal runaway propagation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental analysis of typical vegetation contact with 400 V overhead line fault ignition Chen Long, Wang Meng, Yang Longshan, Chen Tianxiang 2024, 43 (8):  1151-1157.  Abstract ( 55 )   In order to study whether the vegetation contacting with the low voltage distribution line fault will threaten the fire safety in the forest area, a 400 V overhead line vegetation touching the conductor fault simulation experimental platform was set up, common cedar and phoenix tail bamboo in the forest area were selected as typical vegetation samples, and in order to supplement experimental data, humulus and ivy were also added for the experiment. By analyzing the leakage current flowing through the vegetation during the fault, the temperature rise phenomenon of the vegetation and the charring traces on the surface of the vegetation, we study the possibility of ignition of low-voltage distribution lines in contact with different types of vegetation. The experimental study shows that: cedar contact single-phase conductor failure without obvious temperature rise phenomenon; high water content of the fenugreek contact single-phase conductor failure temperature rise obviously, there are obvious traces of charring near the fault point, the maximum temperature reaches 95.3 ℃, the maximum leakage current is 180 mA; the thermal effect of current accumulates at the fault point, causing the temperature in the area to rise and water to evaporate. With the reduction of water content, the effect of water evaporation on vegetation impedance gradually increases, resulting in a decrease in leakage current, and ultimately the temperature drops to room temperature, so the vegetation will not spontaneously combust or ignite nearby flammable materials through arcing, indicating that the failure of vegetation-touched single-phase conductor of low-voltage distribution line will not threaten the safety of fire prevention in the forest area. The special case of phoenixtailed bamboo across the two-phase conductor failure and humulus and ivy across the two-phase conductor failure temperature rise obviously, and accompanied by the phenomenon of discharge, under certain conditions can develop into a phase-to-phase short-circuit, short-circuit arcing ignition of flammable materials near the point of failure, threatening fire safety in the forest area. The results of the study are of great significance for the prevention of fires on low-voltage distribution lines through forested areas. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characterisation of charring spread rate of single-phase contact trees in distribution lines Hu Xinyue, Sun Zhang, Ning Xin, Wang Jun 2024, 43 (8):  1158-1162.  Abstract ( 37 )   Aiming at ignition and penetration of single-phase tree-contract in distribution lines, a full-scale test platform is designed to analyze the spreading characteristics of tree-contract carbonization. First, the evolution of single-phase lap trunk ignition vegetation and its leakage current, voltage, impedance and temperature characteristics are analyzed, and the four development phases of initial lap, water evaporation, open flame spreading, and combustion penetration are defined. Then, the test found that the flame was formed on charring traces, and then analyzed the influence law of the charring spreading penetration rate on the impedance and current changes. Finally, considering the thickness of naturally growing vegetation, it was obtained that the spread rate increased by 119% when the diameter of Camellia sinensis was reduced from 52.77 mm to 30.17 mm; further, the mechanism of negative correlation between size and spread rate was revealed from the electrical properties of wood (breakdown field strength) and heat conduction angle (heat capacity). Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the pyrolysis kinetics of Pinus sylvestris pine cones by model-free fitting method and model-fitting method Huang Tianqi, Xin Ying, Zhang Min 2024, 43 (8):  1163-1169.  Abstract ( 33 )   Using the TA Q600 synchronous thermal analyzer, the 2～3 mg pinecone particles with a particle size of 250～420 μm were linearly heated to about 1 073 K at the heating rate of 10 K/min, 15 K/min, 20 K/min and 25 K/min in an air atmosphere. Model fitting method (Coats-Redfern method, Zsako method, Satava-Sestak method) and no model fitting method (KAS method, Doyle method, FWO method) were used to solve and compare the kinetic parameters of pine pyrolysis, and the value of activation energy E and pre-index factor A were calculated. The results show that the pyrolysis of Pinus sylvestris pine cones includes four stages, and the mass loss ratio of the main mass loss stage is more than 85%. The average activation energies obtained by the modelless fitting method were 74.3 kJ/mol (Doyle method), 71.8 kJ/mol (FWO method) and 68.3 kJ/mol (KAS method), respectively, and the fitting curves of the activation energies of KAS method and the predigital factor were > 0.95. The average activation energies obtained by model fitting were 65.4 kJ/mol (Zsako method), 62.4 kJ/mol (Satava-Sestak method), 56.4 kJ/mol (Coats-Redfern). The average activation energy of Zsako method, and Satava-Sestak method is closer to the activation energy without model, and the pre-exponential factor of Satava-Sestak method can reflect the complexity of the pyrolysis reaction mechanism. This paper suggests that KAS method and Satava-Sestak method should be combined to better evaluate the burning property of Pinus sylvestris pine cones. Related Articles | Metrics

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Practice exploration and research on the reform of technological innovation mechanism in the field of provincial fire rescue Wu Xihui, Wu Honghao 2024, 43 (8):  1170-1173.  Abstract ( 59 )   Based on the current national fire rescue team "All kinds of disasters, large emergency" task needs of the new era, this paper analyzes the problems and contradictions between the actual demand and ability of fire science and technology innovation, the inadaptability to the socialized innovation system, and the insufficient implementation of policies. Based on the practice of the fire science and technology management system reform in Hebei province, the paper puts forward a perfect framework of provincial fire science and technology innovation system, some suggestions are put forward, such as improving ideological understanding, building a reasonable organizational structure, optimizing and adjusting the innovation system, anchoring forward-looking fields, and increasing people, property and material security. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fire station deployment technology based on multi⁃objective hiearchical coverage Yan Minghai, Wang Wei, Guo Kai, Tian Shixiang 2024, 43 (8):  1174-1180.  Abstract ( 59 )   In order to explore the spatial distribution of urban fires and propose a scientifically efficient layout of urban fire stations, the Pudong New Area of Shanghai was taken as the research object. Based on data such as points of interest (POI), urban road network, and fire stations, the SAVEE method and Delphi method were used to identify urban fire risks. The "location allocation" model and "service area" model were used to conduct multi-objective fire collaborative deployment research from multiple perspectives. The results show that high-risk fire areas are mainly concentrated in areas such as Huamu Street, Jinqiao Economic and Technological Development Zone, and Huinan Town in Pudong New Area; The overall coverage rate of the current fire stations in Pudong New Area is 59.94%, with a coverage rate of 95.2% in the main responsible areas. The coverage of other levels is lower than the fire coverage standards; On the basis of the existing fire stations, 8 new fire rescue stations need to be added to further optimize the fire protection layout in Pudong New Area. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the correlation between the layout of fire rescue stations and the business format of homestays Che Bin 2024, 43 (8):  1180-1185.  Abstract ( 43 )   The FDS was used to analyze the typical fire scale of the homestay industry in Chongming District, Shanghai, and to study the impact of the number, location, and arrival time of fire rescue stations on the development scale of homestay fires. The results show that a reasonable fire rescue layout can significantly shorten the arrival time of fire alarms, thereby effectively controlling the scale of homestay fires. Meanwhile, the control of building components, decorative materials, and layout of homestays is also a key factor limiting the scale of fire development. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on optimization of fire emergency rescue plan system 2024, 43 (8):  1186-1190.  Abstract ( 56 )   The fire rescue plan is an important factor in improving the combat effectiveness of the fire rescue team. In the context of "All-hazards, all-emergency", the existing firefighting and rescue plan system has shown issues that are not compatible with the functions after conversion, including coverage, disaster situation setting, response plan development, content structure, and management system. This article reconstructs the classification system of contingency plans, strengthens knowledge support, and optimizes the content structure of contingency plans. Build a fire emergency rescue plan information system, including disaster and accident risk management, plan object management, emergency resource management, plan knowledge management, plan information management, plan familiarization drill, plan evaluation and analysis, and other functions. Research has shown that the optimization research of this system achieves the content reconstruction of fire emergency rescue plans in the new era through the reconstruction of the classification system of emergency plans, combined with knowledge support, thereby improves the practicality and pertinence of fire rescue plans. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the construction of fire rescue auxiliary command information support system Li Peng 2024, 43 (8):  1191-1194.  Abstract ( 55 )   Coordinating and commanding the dispatch of major and sudden disaster accidents is one of the important responsibilities of the command centers at all levels of the fire rescue team. After the reform and restructuring, the functions and tasks of the fire rescue team have been further expanded. With the increasingly severe and complex situation of firefighting and rescue, insufficient information support has become a prominent factor limiting the effectiveness of auxiliary command and dispatch. In order to effectively solve the problems of information delay and distortion in the auxiliary command process, it is proposed to build a fire rescue auxiliary command information support system. Firstly, the concept and construction basis of the fire rescue auxiliary command information support system were discussed, and it was divided into three stages: decision-making, construction, and operation. The six essential elements (institutions, systems, mechanisms, standards, talents, and systems) for constructing the fire rescue auxiliary command information support system were deconstructed. The model of the fire rescue auxiliary command information support system was built with "two flows" (information flow and decision flow), "three sets" (resource set, operation set, service set), and "three guarantees" (organizational guarantee, technical guarantee, and safety guarantee) as the core. The application scenarios and operation processes of the auxiliary command information support system were introduced through practical cases. Related Articles | Metrics