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15 March 2020, Volume 39 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Numerical study of smoke movement on subway platform under the effects of water sprinkler ZHANG Lei, TANG Zhi, FANG Zheng, CHEN Cong, WEN Yu-chun, WANG Zi-hao 2020, 39 (3):  293-296.  Abstract ( 1791 )   Focusing on a typical subway platform, the fire smoke behavior under combined effects of a water sprinkler system and a smoke exhaust system has been simulated by means of FDS. The impact of the height of smoke vent on the smoke exhaust has also been discussed. The results showed that the sprinkler system can induce the smoke moving downward inside the sprinkler zone and the visibility was reduced to less than 10 m, which dangers the evacuators around the fire location; on the other hand, the cooling and entrainment effect of water sprinkler is able to reduce the smoke momentum spreading along the platform which benefits the evacuators outside the sprinkler zone; the smoke exhaust efficiency is higher with the vent height, but its impact is limited to the sprinkler zone visibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on smoke movement of underground depot with superstructure ZHU Li, PAN Xu-hai, HUA Min 2020, 39 (3):  297-300.  Abstract ( 1741 )   In order to study the basic characteristics of smoke movement in the interlayer of the underground depot with superstructure, a 1:50 scale model test bench was built, and the results were compared with the FDS full-scale simulation. Under the determined source power, five different wind speeds were set in the hybrid ventilation system, and a natural ventilation system was used for comparative experiments. The results showed that the mixed ventilation system can control the flue gas better than the natural ventilation system; a stable smoke layer can be formed at a wind speed of 1.4 m/s; in natural ventilation and hybrid ventilation systems, the concentration of carbon monoxide in the interlayer is always less than 0.06%, but in natural ventilation systems, carbon monoxide will accumulate at the ceiling of the interlayer, which is not conducive to evacuate. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on critical time of train fire ventilation in metro section tunnel JIANG Xue-peng, JING An 2020, 39 (3):  301-304.  Abstract ( 1758 )   In order to get the critical time of fire ventilation for metro trains, the required safe evacuation time is obtained by using the formula of safety evacuation time for metro accidents, and compared with the available safe evacuation time obtained by numerical simulation of fire. The results show that when the fire happens in the middle of the subway train stopping at section, and the HRR is 5,7.5,10 MW, respectively, the longitudinal ventilation and smoke exhaust system should be activated to organize the evacuation of personnel in the upwind direction; when the power of HRR is 5 MW and the wind speed of longitudinal ventilation is 2.0 m/s, the safe evacuation of personnel can be guaranteed by starting ventilation in 150~180 s; when the HRR is 7.5,10 MW, and the longitudinal ventilation wind speed is 2.4 or 2.6 m/s respectively, ventilation can be started at 120~180 s to ensure the safe evacuation of personnel.Therefore, the critical time of ventilation is 120 s when the fan changes from static state to accident state; the critical time of ventilation from operation state to accident condition is 90 s. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on small group evacuation time based on agent model ZHANG Ze-tian, LIU Yi-xue, QU Kai-bo, MAO Zhan-li 2020, 39 (3):  305-307.  Abstract ( 1805 )   The leadership parameter of small group was introduced into the traditional social force model to modify movement direction and speed of small group members in the evacuation process. The Agent model was established based on modified social force model and the calculation was carried out by Anylogic. Then evacuation time of small group members in conditions of different small group size, the proportion of small group members in whole occupants and the meeting place were statistically analyzed. The influence of the above small group behavior parameters on evacuation time was obtained. The results indicated that larger small group size, higher proportion of small group members in whole occupants and closer distance from the meeting place to the middle of the room can all result in longer evacuation time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on parameters inhibiting combustion of vertical materials based on orthogonal test QIAN Cheng, ZHAO Heng-ze 2020, 39 (3):  308-310.  Abstract ( 1742 )   Taking vertical combustible material PMMA as an example, the FDS software was used to study the influence of spray characteristic parameters (spray flow, spray angle) to the vertical temperature field under vertical orthogonal design.The visual analysis method, analysis of variance method and factor index were used to study the rules of influence. The experimental results showed that, increasing the spray flow and the spray angle can effectively suppress the material combustion; the suppression effect caused by increasing the spray flow is greater than the suppression effect caused by increasing the vertical spray angle or horizontal spray angle. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress and frontier analysis of fire safety LIU Ji-da, GUO Ya-nan, CHE Qiang, MAI Qiang 2020, 39 (3):  311-314.  Abstract ( 2263 )   CiteSpace was chosen in this paper. The relevant literatures on fire safety research from 2009 to 2018 were searched and sorted out. The literatures were combined and used to draw the cooperative network map of the organization， the keyword co-occurrence network map and the time zone knowledge evolution map. The fire safety study progress and hotspots as well as frontiers were studied in points of bibliometrics. In the past 10 years， the field of fire safety research has been divided into 5 research directions: fire protection design and numerical simulation research， fire rescue and emergency rescue research， fire risk and fire risk assessment research， fire management and fire prevention and control research， complex building and construction fire protection facilities research. Three frontiers were summarized by combining the time zone knowledge evolution map in the field. The research direction of the next stage of fire safety was forecasted， and three suggestions were put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on mass flow rate of small-scale fire whirl WANG Peng-fei, LIU Xuan-ya 2020, 39 (3):  315-317.  Abstract ( 1819 )   The small-scale fire whirl is produced by two split cylinders with gap size 7.6 cm. The axial velocities at different heights (4, 6, 8, 10, 12 cm) are measured by particle image velocimetry method. It is found that the axial velocity decreases with radial distance and the maximum axial velocity is obtained at the centerline of the fire whirl. The centerline temperature is obtained by thermocouples and the centerline temperature is almost constant in the continuous flame zone. According to the data of velocity and temperature, the mass flow rate of small-scale fire whirl in different heights is calculated and the results show that the mass flow rate increases with flame height. Related Articles | Metrics

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Full scale experimental research on combustion characteristics of outside transformer fire DAI Chen-rong, CHEN Guang, ZHUBo, XU Liang, CHEN Peng, SUN Rui-bang 2020, 39 (3):  318-321.  Abstract ( 1785 )   The full scale fire experiment of 35 kV outdoor transformer was carried out to explore the burning characteristics of substation fire.Four fires at the same time were considered by setting fires at different position of transformer. The flame spread and temperature change were analyzed to provide theoretical support for substation fire construction and emergency rescue. The research showed that the transformer fire has hidden, three-dimensional and multi-scale combustion characteristics. In the process of combustion of fire sources with different scales, there are multiple flame touching and merging behaviors. In the stage of full combustion, the upper flame of the transformer is unstable, such as flame shock and separation. it is mainly attached wall flame under the transformer and continuous and intermittent flame formed by diffusion combustion above the transformer.The temperature gradually decreases in the vertical direction, while the temperature in the middle is high and the temperature on both sides is low in the horizontal direction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Burning characteristics of the young forest of pinus yunnanensis in forest fire sites in central Yunnan SHEN Hua-jie, YAN Xiang-xiang, LONG Teng-teng, WANG Qiu-hua 2020, 39 (3):  322-324.  Abstract ( 1800 )   The surface combustibles at forest fire sites of young forest of pinus yunnanensis were collected, and laboratory experiments on samples were carried out mainly by the iron combustion bed. The results showed that: the fire intensity generated by the burning of surface combustibles in the young forest of Pinus yunnanensis is low. Flame heat radiation, spread rate, flame height, flame maximum temperature, flame holding time and fire intensity are (2.71±0.74) kW/m2, (0.41±0.11) m/min,(37.10±15.52) cm,(462.90±60.26) ℃,(4.24±1.07) min and (185.31±131.53) kW/m, respectively. The heat radiation and temperature during flameless combustion are (2.40±1.52) kW/m2 and (325.00±64.97) ℃, respectively. The blocking time of the young forest of Pinus yunnanensis is about 100 s. The temperature at 30~150 cm away from the flame shows a sharp decline after a sharp rise in 30~133 s, and there is only one peak. The time to maintain high temperature at 10 cm away from the flame is long, the fire hazard of such fire is large, and more attention should be paid to prevent reignition when extinguishing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of polypropylene fiber on mechanical properties of C80HPC after high temperature WU Zhen-xu, DU Hong-xiu, CHEN Yao 2020, 39 (3):  325-327.  Abstract ( 1726 )   In order to study the influence of polypropylene fiber on high temperature bursting and mechanical properties of C80 high strength high-performance concrete,the mechanical properties of C80HPC and C80PPHPC after high temperature were studied,and the relationship between axial compression strength, elastic modulus, splitting tensile strength and different fire temperature of C80HPC and C80PPHPC was analyzed. The test results showed that the axial compression strength, elastic modulus and splitting tensile strength of C80HPC and C80PPHPC all decrease with the increase of fire temperature,and the axial compression strength and splitting tensile strength of C80PPHPC are slightly higher than that of C80HPC. Before 200 ℃,the elastic modulus of C80PPHPC was slightly larger than that of C80HPC. Under the action of high temperature of 300~600 ℃, some specimens of C80HPC burst, but none of C80PPHPC burst, indicating that adding polypropylene fiber can inhibit the bursting and reduce the damage of high temperature to the mechanical properties of HPC. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of high temperature on compressive strength and ultrasonic velocity of C80HPC WANG Lin-fei, DU Hong-xiu, LIU Xiao-xian, SHI Li-na 2020, 39 (3):  328-330.  Abstract ( 1803 )   The compressive strength test and ultrasonic testing of C80HPC specimens were carried out. The effects of polypropylene fiber content on concrete bursting,mass loss,compressive strength and sound velocity before and after HPC high temperature were analyzed. The effect of different ultrasonic test distances on the ultrasonic velocity of concrete was analyzed. The results showed that the addition of PP fiber can significantly inhibit the impact of high temperature burst on C80HPC.The compressive strength of C80HPC specimen decreases with the increase of fire temperature. When the fire temperature is between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃, and polypropylene fiber is blended, the compressive strength of the specimens rebounded. With the increase of temperature, the ultrasonic sound velocity of the C80HPC specimen decreased. With the increase of the ranging, the ultrasonic sound velocity decreased, and the decrease was not large. The ultrasonic damage could be detected by ultrasonic sound velocity. The relationship between C80HPC compressive strength,fire temperature and ultrasonic sound velocity was established. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of fire source and ventilation on underground pipe gallery fire AN Wei-guang, WANG Tao, ZHU Guo-qing, HU Kai-yang 2020, 39 (3):  331-334.  Abstract ( 1804 )   A section of L shape pipe gallery model was established using PyroSim software and fire numerical simulation was carried out. The temperature was analyzed using Origin software. The influence of fire source characteristics (location and power of fire source) and ventilation conditions (wind speed and direction) on smoke spread and temperature change in pipe gallery was studied. The results showed that when the fire source is located in the middle of the corridor and the power is high,high temperature and toxic fumes can fill the entire pipe gallery in a shorter time, the fire risk is higher. Excessive wind speed causes a large amount of smoke to accumulate at the corner, so the smoke exhaust effect is not directly proportional to the wind speed. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on ventilation and resistance of power cabin in urban utility tunnel LI Hao-tian, XU Shu-hui, LI Lei, WANG Zhe, XU Rong-ji, FENG Cui-min 2020, 39 (3):  335-339.  Abstract ( 1756 )   In order to ensure the safe operation of the power cabin in the urban integrated pipe gallery, the air volume and resistance during ventilation were studied by means of experiment and numerical simulation. Three fire compartments in the electric cabin of a city's comprehensive pipe gallery were selected as the experimental area.Through the control of fire partition, three experimental areas of different lengths were formed. The section wind speed and the pressure difference between sections in the experimental area were measured. The FLUENT was used to simulate the experiment. The results showed that the resistance is much less than the local resistance. The resistance coefficients along the utility tunnel and the local resistance coefficients are constant when the wind speed reaches a certain value. There are many branch lines and air leakage in the urban utility tunnel, and the length of ventilation partition should not exceed 400 m. When studying the resistance of the power cabin in the utility tunnel, the experimental method and the numerical simulation method basically agree, and the numerical simulation method can study more working conditions. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on fire spread upon exterior wood-frame walls PENG Lei, QIU Pei-fang, JIANG Deng-rui 2020, 39 (3):  340-343.  Abstract ( 1798 )   Experimental fire tests platform were built to study the effect of external flame ejected from windows on fire spread of exterior wood-frame walls. Three typical scenarios were studied by considering different construction details and siding materials. Flame spread, carbonization and temperature change with time at different positions were analyzed. Test results showed that the exterior wall with calcium-silicate siding boards and non-cavity had the best performance. For the exterior wall with fiber-cement siding boards and cavity, the fiber-cement boards would deform and break under the flame exposure, leaving the OSB behind the cavity be ignited and the spread of flame and smoke upward along the cavity. For the exterior wall with fire-retardant wooden siding boards and cavity, it experienced ignition, steady burning and vigorous burning stages, and the fire spread upwards and went out of control. For exterior wall with cavities, the metal flush helped to reduce the vertical fire spread upon exterior walls. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on fire smoke control in combination mode of opposite jet and shaft exhaust in highway tunnel XIAO Zhi-xing, YANG Yong-bin, ZHANG Xuan 2020, 39 (3):  344-347.  Abstract ( 1785 )   By carrying out similar experiments, the influence of fire source location, wind speed and HRR on smoke control section length was studied under the combined mode of opposite jet and vertical shaft natural smoke exhaust. By changing the position, wind speed and HRR,three groups including 53 senarios were set and the influence of three factors on the length of smoke control section under different working conditions was analyzed and discussed. The results show that increasing the wind speed in the upstream (closer to the fire source) will reduce the smoke control section in the upstream. Increase the wind speed of the downstream (farther from the fire source), and the length of the smoke control section will also be affected by the coupling effect of fire source power, fire source location and other factors. Increasing the power of fire source will increase the thermal buoyancy of flue gas, so that the influence of downstream mechanical wind on flue gas will be weakened. Related Articles | Metrics

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Fire protection design of a high-rise building with suspended structure system CUI Hai-hao, KAN Qiang, HUANG Yi-liang 2020, 39 (3):  348-350.  Abstract ( 1748 )   External steel structures are applied on the suspended structure system of a high-rise building, and some fire protection measures such as fire resistive coating should be used to protect them from fire. However, if these external steel structures are regarded as indoor structures, it will cause waste of resources. Taking a building as an example, the scenes of fire in cantilever truss floor and standard gravity floor were set. The temperature field near the outdoor steel members was calculated and compared with the outdoor standard temperature rise curve of European code. The most negative temperature raise condition was obtained and the stress condition and fire resistance performance of steel components were calculated. Feasible fire protection scheme was put forward and the feasibility and economy of the scheme were verified. Related Articles | Metrics

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The collapse mechanism analysis of steel frame structure based on actual fire WU Peng, ZONG Jin-hui 2020, 39 (3):  351-356.  Abstract ( 1754 )   A multi-layer steel frame model without floors was established by ABAQUS. Using sequential heat-solid coupling method, taking into account the location of fire, the power change of fire, non-uniform temperature field and the failure of beams under fire,the initial destruction mechanism and collapse mechanism of the steel frame structure were studied under the influence of 2 factors of the fire form of beam and columns and the location of failure column. The results showed that the continuous collapse of the steel frame structure begins with the failure of the fire column, and the deflection of the beam connected to it increases and the beam produces a pull force due to the loss of support. Then the load distribution columns produce a side shift and the displacement of the structure develop under fire. The destruction spreads to the surrounding and eventually leads to the progressive collapse of the structure. When the bottom failure columns are on the edge, the collapse will be overturn type. When the bottom failure columns are mainly on the structural symmetry axis, the collapse will be sinking type. This type of collapse takes place suddenly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on strengthening techniques for fire stop system of existing converter station valve hall ZHONG Bo, ZHAO Chang-zheng, ZHANG Ze-jiang, JIANG Ya-qiang, ZHANG Jia-qing, LIU Xiao-sheng 2020, 39 (3):  357-359.  Abstract ( 1813 )   In order to improve the safety performance of the fire stop system of the existing converter station valve hall, the reasonable value of the blast fortification target of the fire stop structure was researched according to the existing specifications and the discharge test data of the converter transformer. And then a fireproof and blast resistant strengthening scheme was proposed. For a typical converter station, the dynamic response process under different explosion conditions was further analyzed by LS-DYNA. The results showed that the strengthening scheme proposed in this paper can effectively meet the requirements of blast fortification targets, and the established numerical model for blast resistance analysis can guide the design of the fire stop structure of the converter station valve hall. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the influence of door opening situation on fire spread in residential fires LI Ji-fan, YANG Yong-bin, XIAO Zhi-xing, SHAN Yuan-peng 2020, 39 (3):  360-363.  Abstract ( 1816 )   Through the numerical simulation and full-scale experiment of typical residential building fires, the fire development trend in the living room and the temperature, visibility and CO concentration distribution in the bedroom under different opening conditions of the doors and the windows were studied, and the impact on the escape of personnel was analyzed. The results show that the spread and accumulation of smoke is an important factor that jeopardizes the safety of personnels. When the living room is on fire, saving the fire within 680 s is the best choise. In addition, closing the bedroom door and opening the bedroom window can increase 497 s of the emergency response time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on fire resistance of concrete  composite member JIN wei, TIAN Yuan, HU Xiao-yue, WANG Ming-nian, 2020, 39 (3):  364-367.  Abstract ( 1741 )   The fire resistance of T shape concrete members was studied by using a self-designed combustion furnace.By observing the apparent phenomenon of the component after fire and measuring the internal temperature changes of the composite member during the fire of 120 min, the distribution rule of internal temperature and high temperature damage of concrete under fire,which is composite member composed of concrete walls and slabs, were obtained. The results showed that the concrete spalling phenomenon is more likely to occur at the exposed fire side of the concrete wall under fire, and the fire protection measures such as fire-retardant coating should be taken at this position to reduce the impact of high temperature of the fire. The concrete temperature in the joint core area of the composite member is generally lower than that in other heated areas, and the wall and slab have a certain protective effect on the joint core area. The farther away from the fire-heated surface, the lower the internal temperature of the concrete composite member under fire, and the longer the reaction time till the temperature begins to rise. The temperature of the composite member is lower in the non-heated area, the reaction time of the temperature rise is longer and the speed is slower, and the high temperature has less influence on the structure of the non-heated area. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on simulated experiment of gas fire extinguishing systems design verification YAN Xiao-long, ZHANG Jian-guo 2020, 39 (3):  368-370.  Abstract ( 1789 )   In order to improve the safety and reliability of the gas fire extinguishing system, the situation of gas fire extinguishing system pipeline network design and related standard were summarized. The pipe network system simulation experiments of the shortest and longest conveying distance was carried out. The parameters such as spray time, nozzle pressure, fire extinguishing agent release, and maximum pressure downstream of the pressure reducing orifice were measured, and compared with a design verification software of the gas fire extinguishing system. The results showed that the actual parameters deviate greatly from the national standard theoretical parameters. Countermeasures against existing problems were put forward. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Cartesian robot fire extinguishing system CHEN Zhi, LIU Zhong 2020, 39 (3):  371-374.  Abstract ( 1726 )   A Cartesian robot fire extinguishing system for telecom engine room and data storage center was designed. Combining with pyroelectric sensor and camera monitoring system, precise positioning of fire source can be achieved. Multi-objective simulated annealing algorithm was used to optimize the robot's travel path, so the fire can be extinguished quickly. Simulation experiment was carried out in the closed machine room to verify the performance of the fire extinguishing system. The experimental results showed that the designed rectangular coordinate fire extinguishing robot has no displacement conflict during travel, and can find the optimal fire extinguishing path according to the fire source position to achieve fast and efficient fire extinguishing. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on fire extinguishing technology of lithium battery in electric vehicle FU Jin, YONG Ai-hua, HUANG Yong 2020, 39 (3):  374-377.  Abstract ( 1974 )   In order to prevent and reduce the harm caused by the lithium battery fire of electric vehicles, this paper analyzes the current situation of the fire in electric vehicles, investigates the cases of the fire in electric vehicles in recent years, and conducts the heating test for the single cell and the cell in the middle of the battery module in the power lithium battery according to the structure of the cell and the power lithium battery group. The results show that the power lithium battery will not explode violently, but it has the characteristics of violent fire and rapid spread. Based on the analysis of the thermal runaway mechanism and fire process of the power lithium battery system, the fire extinguishing technology of the power lithium battery fire of electric vehicle is studied, and the fire extinguishing technology and method suggestions are put forward in combination with the actual work. Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of smart home fire alarm system based on mobile client CAI Gai-pin, DENG Tao, NI Jun 2020, 39 (3):  377-380.  Abstract ( 1896 )    In order to realize the functions of environmental monitoring and fire alarm of smart home, a smart home fire alarm based on single chip microcomputer, multi-sensor, wireless transmission module and mobile phone client is designed. Keil u Vision4 and E4A are used as software development platforms. The real-time indoor temperature and humidity signal, natural gas concentration signal, smoke concentration signal and flame signal are collected by the sensor, processed by the single-chip computer, and the data is generated to the mobile phone client through the wireless transmission module to provide real-time home environment information for the user. The test results show that the device can realize the functions of home environment monitoring, fire alarm and mobile phone remote display alarm. Related Articles | Metrics

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The research of application of data mining technology in entity fire test HAN Guang, LI Yi, YU Dong-xing, LIU Xin, WANG Jian-qiang 2020, 39 (3):  380-384.  Abstract ( 1725 )    In order to complete the physical fire test efficiently and quickly and to give full play to the potential of data， this paper focuses on the application of data mining and deep network in the entity fire test of automatic sprinkler system. Combined with the physical fire tests of the automatic sprinkler system， this paper selectes the appropriate algorithm, determines the parameters in the model and sets up the verify model of the data mining eventally. The model can reduces the risk,improves the quality of the test.It can shorten the period of test and formate a more intelligent decision of entity test . Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study on intumescent flame retardant coating with CES YANG Fei, FAN Xu-hong 2020, 39 (3):  384-387.  Abstract ( 1761 )   The performance of eggshell (CES) as an innovative environmentally friendly biofiller intumescent flame retardant coating was studied. Three flame retardant additives, namely ammonium polyphosphate II, pentaerythritol and melamine, were mixed with flame retardant filler and acrylic resin binder to make the intumescent flame retardant coating.The fire performance of the coating was tested by flame surface diffusion test, flame spread test, thermogravimetric analysis test and bond strength test. The test results showed that the test pieces of B, C, D and E did not show flame surface diffusion when exposed to flame. Eggshell biofillers with a mass fraction of 5.0% and 2.5% were added to coatings B and E, respectively, which improved fire resistance due to charring. The total flame propagation indices of the test pieces D and E were 4.5 and 5.0, respectively, showing excellent flame retardancy. The fire retardant coating has good water resistance, thermal stability and bond strength, and has good fireproof performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and flame retardant mechanisms on wood coatings with hybrid TiO2 LI Xian-min, WANG Nan 2020, 39 (3):  388-391.  Abstract ( 1689 )   Waterborne wood flame-retardant coating were investigated with KOH/Na2SiO3 modified silica fume as binder through sol-gels method. Melamine faced MDF test pieces were made and the oxygen index of the test piece was measured. Analysis of crystal phase change and apparent morphology of samples and raw materials were carried out to research the effects of brookite/anatase TiO2 on flame retardant properties and microstructure. The results showed that the amount of TiO2 could improve the flame retardant performances, it displayed the optimum flame retardant performance for the specimen with 2% mass fraction of TiO2, the LOI of fiberboard reached 31.4%, the burning volume (Small chamber method) was only 8.2 cm3, it decreased by 56% in comparison with the specimen without TiO2. The brookite/anatase TiO2 holds a stable structure during the combustion process, which is benefit for silica fume-based waterborne wood coatings to develop complete, uniform, denser layer structures, leading to an increase in the weight loss temperature and a decrease in heat flow, therefore it improves the flame retardant performance. Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-Agent simulation study on emergency rescue of large-scale petrochemical fire WANG Wen-ye, LIU Jing, LUO Yang-hong 2020, 39 (3):  391-394.  Abstract ( 1749 )   In order to provide strategic support for the emergency rescue of large-scale petrochemical fire, multi-agent modeling theory is proposed to study the emergency rescue process. Factors affecting the emergency rescue were analyzed, including time,environment,rescue personnel and logistical support are analyzed.The disposal process is simplified into two stages: personnel search and fire foam supply. The stage of personnel search is designed in the method of multi-agent modeling,and the NetLogo platform is used for simulation. Simulation results show that, the number of rescue teams shouldn't be too large; the weight of rescue equipment shouldn't be too heavy;the trapped people own environmental suitability. The results prove that the multi-agent modeling method is effective and can provide decision support when coping with large-scale petrochemical fire.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on disposal strategies of organic liquid dangerous chemicals XU Xiao-yuan, WU Ming-jun, SHEN Xiang-yang 2020, 39 (3):  394-397.  Abstract ( 1749 )    The disposal technology for leakage of organic liquid hazardous chemicals using a polymer absorbent is studied by means of experiments. The test results show that: the polymer absorbent can inhibit the volatilization of harmful liquids; the use of strip absorbents can achieve 100% interception of flowing liquid hazardous chemicals. Based on the experiment,a smart manhole covers with the ability to intercept hazardous organic liquids and to alert is developed. The absorbent can also be used in leakage accident and disposal after foam fire extinguishment. Related Articles | Metrics

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An improved fire rescue path planning theory and its implementation DUAN Ming-yi, LU Yin-ju, LI Zu-zhao 2020, 39 (3):  398-400.  Abstract ( 1756 )   This paper analyzes the classical shortest path algorithm and combines heuristic search in the field of artificial intelligence to produce a heuristic based shortest path algorithm.An improvement strategy is proposed for the algorithm from the points of cost function and ordering method. The simulation experiment data shows that this method is superior to the classical shortest path algorithm, which can effectively shorten the path search time and improve the efficiency of fire rescue. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on risk of gas pipeline leakage based on FTA-DBN LUO Zheng-shan, WU Chen-chen 2020, 39 (3):  401-404.  Abstract ( 1797 )   Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Dynamic Bayes Network (DBN) were proposed to diagnose the urban gas pipeline accident. Making full use of FTA's good systematicness and logicality, the leakage accident scene model was built. Giving full play to the advantages of DBN's reverse reasoning ability and posterior probability expression accuracy, and establishing the corresponding FTA model by analyzing the possible causes of urban gas pipeline leakage accident, and converting it into DBN model and optimizing it, the multi -source observation information is finally combined to quickly identify and diagnose the accident scene. The reasoning conclusion is consistent with the results of the late accident investigation report, which indicates that the method has reasonable feasibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on fireproof performance of high-speed EMU passenger interiors MENG Fan-shuai, LIU Xiao-xia, ZHANG Meng-meng 2020, 39 (3):  404-407.  Abstract ( 1748 )    Introduction of fire test method and evaluation parameters for interior decoration of railway vehicle passenger compartment in EN455545-2 Railway Applications, Fire Protection of Rail Vehicles-Part 2: Fire Performance Requirements for Materials and Components was carried out.Reference to ISO codes, the method of classification testing and comprehensive evaluation of wall panel materials were adopted to carried out combustion test and smoke density and toxicity test.The relationship between test results and fire protection design was analyzed for the reference of the OEM and passenger interior design designers. Related Articles | Metrics

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Innovation and practice of fire safety management in power grid enterprises GU Tian-xiong, WU Zhi-min, YU Jun, FANG Neng-zhu, FANG Zhong-shan 2020, 39 (3):  407-409.  Abstract ( 1788 )   In view of the problem that the fire safety of power grid enterprises can not be managed or not well managed, with active exploration and bold innovation，by clarifying the fire safety responsibilities of all departments at all levels, introducing the third-party professional fire technical service organization "pulse diagnosis", relying on the technology of information technology, strengthening the level of human defense, a new mode of fire safety management of power grid enterprises was established. Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on fire safety community management mode based on fire hazard check WU Han, REN Chang-xing, ZHANG Xin, MU Yang-yang 2020, 39 (3):  409-412.  Abstract ( 1781 )   The typical fire safety management mode of domestic and foreign communities and its fire hazard form were analyzed. On this basis, the community fire hazard check index system was constructed from the perspective of fire safety, and the fire risk grading method based on the fire hazard check elements was determined. A fire safety community management mode based on fire hazard check was proposed to achieve fire safety grading control in residential communities by risk rating standards. Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on regional forest fire vulnerability based on combination weighted TOPSIS method LIU Chen-hui, WAN Jie 2020, 39 (3):  413-416.  Abstract ( 1779 )   By evaluating the vulnerability of regional forest fires, it is possible to control fire risks and reduce losses. Taking into account of factors such as the degree of forest fire exposure and the ability to respond to disasters, a regional forest fire vulnerability assessment index system was constructed, which includes 4 criterion levels of exposure degree, recovery index, sensitivity index and disaster response ability and 16 index levels. The combined weighted TOPSIS method was used to carry out forest fire vulnerability assessment in 21 cities (states) in Sichuan Province. According to the assessment results, the vulnerability level of forest fire in Sichuan Province is divided into 5 levels. Related Articles | Metrics

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Thoughts on improvement of the certified fire engineer institution SI Ge 2020, 39 (3):  417-419.  Abstract ( 1750 )    Summarize the establishment and implementation of the registered fire engineer system, combined with the reform requirements of streamlining the government, delegating power and improving government service, research to improve the orientation, category and levels of certified fire engineer, commitment of examination register, cure for confusion of vocational training，implementations of oversight of certified fire engineer and fire technology enterprises conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Multi-level scenario space description model of aircraft flight accidents CHENG Ming, CUI Peng-zheng, LIANG Wen-juan, CHEN Yue 2020, 39 (3):  420-424.  Abstract ( 1727 )   In order to improve the performance of major emergencies of flight accident type, it took flight accidents happened around the airport as the research object. Using the theory of constructing scenarios, established a multi-level scenario space description model of "case-scenario-disaster bearing subject-characteristic attribute-response measures". Collected the investigation reports and document literature of global flight accidents. Utilizing case studies, classification, statistics, screening and other methods to extract the data types, quantization methods and value ranges included in the feature attributes of the description model. Based on the algorithm of global and local similarity, the application of the model is demonstrated by a case study. The results showed that: Set up scenario deduction process and the initial scenario has high matching accuracy. Related Articles | Metrics

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On the investigation and determination of  a fire criminal case YUAN Li-feng 2020, 39 (3):  424-427.  Abstract ( 1844 )   This paper takes a criminal case of fire caused by illegal operation as an example, through on-site investigation and inquiry, combined with on-site simulation experiment results and expert opinions, comprehensively identify the causes of fire, analyze and discuss the causes of the accident, and provide reference for fire accident investigation and fire management in such places. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of thermal radiation on short-circuit faults and melts of power cables WANG Pu-zhen, LI Yang, TUO Yang zhen-dai, LI Ruo-ming, ZNEG Si-heng 2020, 39 (3):  427-430.  Abstract ( 1846 )   This paper studies the characteristics of the melt marks generated by the carbonization path-type short-circuit and the metal short-circuit type under the condition of heat radiation. Considering the electrical appliance power line, RVVB line (copper core PVC sheathed flat shape power line), for the domestic household 220 VAC, compare the time and position of two different types of short circuit, analyze the influence of the melt mark on it. It was found that as the heat radiation intensity increases, the time of short circuit occurs is shortened; The short-circuit position of the wire does not show obvious distribution law; The short-circuited part has strong randomness, and the position of the short-circuit point has no direct correlation with the short-circuit occurrence time; The carbonization path type short-circuit is usually short-circuited by the arrow-shaped melt mark. A typical trace of a short-circuit type is a "工" type melt mark. Related Articles | Metrics