Abstract: By sorting out 70 construction fire accident investigation reports, and using the keyword extraction method to extract causal factors, and combining frequency statistics, it is concluded that the human factor is the most critical in the construction stage, and the physical factor is the most critical in the use stage. Using the ISM method, from the perspective of man-object management-environment-others, an interpretative structural modeling of causation factors for fire accidents is established,and the logical relationship between the levels of each factor is analyzed, and the causes of the accidents at each hierarchy are obtained, which provides a basis for the prevention of building fire accidents.

Key words: building safety, fire, causal factors, ISM