Abstract: This article takes the body insulation structure of a fire reconnaissance robot as the research object, establishes a multi-layer composite insulation structure model using phase change capsules, and uses COMSOL software to simulate and analyze the temperature field changes of the structure in high temperature environments. At the same time, it explores the influence of different phase change capsule stacking methods and insulation materials on the thermal protection performance of the structure. By analyzing the safety temperature characteristics of the electronic components carried in the robot, the MOGA algorithm is used to optimize the thickness of the insulation structure under the optimal combination obtained. The results indicate that under a certain thickness of the structure, the double-layer stacking of paraffin capsules has the best thermal protection effect for the anti insulation structure. At the same time, the structure of SiC aerogel as the thermal insulation material has better thermal protection performance than other thermal insulation materials. In addition, while meeting the thermal protection requirements of firefighting robots, the optimized insulation layer thickness of the body has been reduced by 1.86 mm, and the total thickness of the structure has been reduced by 25.41%, effectively improving the thermal protection efficiency of the structure.

Key words: firefighting robots, anti-insulation structures, phase change capsules, structural optimisation