Abstract: In order to scientifically plan the number and spatial location of urban fire stations, improve the coverage of responsibility areas at the same time, ensure the timeliness of emergency rescue, and avoid possible greater casualties and property losses, this study is based on the Urban Fire Station Construction Standards, uses geographic information systems (GIS), increases the weight of key units of hazardous chemicals, and proposes a 90% coverage rate within 10 minutes as the consideration standard based on research results. It fully considers the economic cost of retaining existing fire stations while constructing new stations and the harm of unreasonable layout to the health of firefighting and rescue personnel, and optimizes the layout of urban fire stations. Based on this approach, a practical study was conducted using Kun District in Baotou City as an example. The results showed that after optimizing the layout of fire stations in Kun District, under the same impedance interruption, the area of fire stations that can be reached and the coverage rate of responsible areas have increased significantly. Therefore, applying this approach to optimize the layout of urban fire stations has certain scientific significance.

Key words: urban fire stations, GIS, coverage rate, health of firefighting and rescue personnel