Abstract: The numerical simulation of lithium-ion battery fires in storage shelf was conducted using PyroSim software. The law of fire spread under different positions was analyzed, and corresponding fire prevention strategies were proposed. Firstly, the simulation model of the lithium-ion battery was established and verified, which was used to carry out the numerical investigation of the lithium-ion battery fires in storage shelf under different fire positions. The start time of spray, extinguishing time of fires, number of lithium-ion battery packs burned out, temperature and CO concentration were analyzed. Then, fire prevention strategies were developed based on the law of fire spread. The fire spread suppression effect of no flame baffle, flame baffles installed on the left and right sides of lithium battery pack and four sides of lithium battery pack were compared. The result showed that the lower the fire position in the four-layer shelf, the more lithium-ion battery packs burned out, and the higher the concentration of CO released in the fire. The duration of CO released was 54% more when the bottom of shelf was on fire than when the top of shelf was on fire. Among the different fire protection methods, the flame baffles installed on the left and right sides of the lithium battery pack had the best flame suppression effect.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, fire, storage shelf, numerical simulation, fire protection