主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 783-786.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

梯次利用磷酸铁锂方形电池过充火灾危险性研究

卓萍1,3，高飞2，路世昌1,3，丁垣升4   

  1. 1. 应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津300381；2. 中国电力科学研究院新能源与储能运行控制国家重点实验室，北京100192；3. 天津盛达安全科技有限责任公司，天津300381；4. 北京市丰台区消防救援支队，北京100068
  • 出版日期:2021-06-15 发布日期:2021-06-15
  • 作者简介:卓萍（1979-），女，湖北武汉人，应急管理部天津消防研究所副研究员，硕士，一级注册消防工程师，主要从事建筑防火、锂离子电池储能、历史文化街区消防安全研究工作，天津市南开区卫津南路110 号，300381。
  • 基金资助:
    应急管理部消防救援局应用创新项目（2019XFCX49）；中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2019SJ11）

Preliminary study on fire risk of echelon use lithium iron phosphate square cell under overcharge

ZHUO Ping1,3, GAO Fei2, LU Shi-chang1,3, DING Yuan-sheng4   

  1. 1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381，China；2. State Key Laboratory of Operation and Control of Renewable Energy ＆ Storage Systems, China Electric Power Research Institute，Beijing 100192, China; 3. National Center for Fire Engineering Technology, Tianjin 300381, China; 4. Beijing Fengtai Fire and Rescue Division,Beijing 100068, China
  • Online:2021-06-15 Published:2021-06-15

摘要： 为了掌握梯次利用磷酸铁锂电池火灾的发生规律，采用不同过充方式和不同过充倍率对梯次利用磷酸铁锂方形电池（容量为25 Ah，SOH=80%）充电，考察在绝热条件下电池的燃烧爆炸特性。试验结果表明：当某型电池安全阀打开后停止过充，电池可能仅出现喷射烟气现象，不会发生火灾。当该型号电池安全阀打开后持续过充，充电倍率超过0.5 C 时，梯次利用磷酸铁锂方形电池可能出现燃烧和爆炸。过充倍率的升高导致安全阀打开和电池出现温度和电压峰值的时间提前。

关键词: 磷酸铁锂电池, 梯次利用, 过充, 火灾

Abstract: In order to master the occurrence and development law of echelon use lithium-ion battery fire, different overcharge methods and overcharge rates were used to charge the lithium iron phosphate square battery(25 Ah, SOH=80% ) in echelon,and the combustion and explosion characteristics of the battery were investigated. The test results show that when the battery safety valve is opened and the overcharge is stopped, the battery may only discharge smoke and there will be no fire. When the battery is overcharged continuously after the safety valve is opened, the echelon use battery may burn and explode with the charging rate is more than 0.5 C. With the increase of overcharge rate, the opening of safety valve and the time to reach peak temperature and voltage will occur ahead of time.

Key words: lithium iron phosphate battery, echelon utility, overcharge, fire