主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (5): 759-762.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

民机飞行中火灾事故影响因素研究

杜红兵，吴风婷，胡辉，张世博   

  1. 中国民航大学飞行分校，天津300300
  • 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 吴风婷（1995-），女，中国民航大学硕士研究生。
  • 作者简介:杜红兵（1967-），男，山西河津人，中国民航大学飞行分校教授，博士，主要从事安全管理、飞行品质监控与航空中的人为因素等方面的研究，天津市东丽区津北公路2898 号中国民航大学北院，300300。

research on influencing factors of civil aircraft fire accidents in flight

DU Hong-bing, WU Feng-ting，HU Hui, ZHANG Shi-bo   

  1. Flight Academy, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China
  • Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-05-15

摘要： 为系统分析民机火灾事故的影响因素，有效预防同类事故的发生，以飞行中发生的火灾事故为情景，运用STAMP模型构建民机火灾事故局部控制结构，从火灾的产生和扑灭两个角度提取了11 个民机火灾事故影响因素；采用DEMATELISM法确定各影响因素的因果属性和中心度排序，构建民机火灾事故影响因素结构模型，将事故影响因素划分为4 层。通过因素的中心度排序得出，烟火处置能力不足、人为失误、信息交互受阻、被动约束失效、机械设备失效是事故中的关键影响因素；通过多层递阶结构模型分析得出，认知缺陷和安全教育培训不足是民机火灾事故的根源。

关键词: 消防, 民机火灾, STAMP 模型, 决策实验室分析法（DEMATEL）, 解释结构模型法（ISM）

Abstract: In order to systematically analyze the influencing factors of civil aircraft fire accidents and effectively prevent the occurrence of similar accidents，the local control structure of aircraft fire accidents is constructed by using STAMP model based on the aircraft fire accident in flight. Eleven influencing factors of civil aircraft were extracted from fire occurrence and extinguishment. By means of DEMATEL- ISM method, the causality attribute and centrality ranking of the influencing factors were determined, and the multi- level hierarchical structure model of civil aircraft fire accident influencing factors is established. The hierarchical structure of the accident influencing factors was divided into four levels. The results showed that lack of pyrotechnic disposal ability, human error, information interaction obstruction, passive restraint failure and mechanical equipment failure are the key factors of the accident through the centrality ranking of factors, and cognitive defects and insufficient safety education and training are the root influencing factors of civil aircraft fire accidents through the analysis of multi-layer hierarchical structure model.

Key words: fire protection, civil aircraft fire, STAMP model, DEMATEL, ISM