主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 494-498.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

上、下悬窗自然排烟能力对比研究

刘博1，耿伟超2，王春雨1，邓军1   

  1. 1. 西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院，陕西西安710054；2. 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司，北京100013
  • 出版日期:2021-04-15 发布日期:2021-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 耿伟超（1993-），男，中国建筑科学研究院助理消防工程师，主要从事建筑消防科学与工程方面的研究，北京市朝阳区北三环东路30 号中国建筑科学研究院有限公司新主楼A1112 室，100013。
  • 作者简介:刘博（1986-），女，西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院讲师，博士，主要从事阻燃材料、化工安全评价等方面的研究，陕西省西安市碑林区雁塔中路58 号西安科技大学，710054。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（51904233）

The comparative research on natural smoke exhaust capacity of top and bottom hung windows

LIU Bo1, GENG Wei-chao2, WANG Chun-yu1, DENG Jun1   

  1. 1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China; 2. China Academy of Building Research, Beijing 100013, China
  • Online:2021-04-15 Published:2021-04-15

摘要：

通过数值模拟，研究了开窗角度对上、下悬窗排烟能力的影响，主要从排烟量、排烟口压力和速度、主要排烟区域等方面对上、下悬窗排烟能力进行对比分析，结果表明：下悬窗排烟效率明显高于上悬窗，相同开窗角度和火源功率下，下悬窗能比上悬窗多排出52%~61%的烟气。上悬窗相对排烟量与开窗角度成指数关系，窗体结构会阻碍烟气排出，开窗角度小于64°时，主要排烟区域为窗体两侧三角形区域；下悬窗相对排烟量与开窗角度关系不大，窗体结构对排烟有利，开窗角度小于56°时，主要排烟区域为近窗下侧水平区域，随着开窗角度增大，上、下悬窗主要排烟区域均过渡到远窗下侧竖直区域。建筑选择排烟窗时建议优先选用下悬窗，开窗角度30°即可，若选用上悬窗，则开窗角度不宜小于60°。

关键词: 自然排烟, 数值模拟, 上悬窗, 下悬窗

Abstract: The numerical simulation is used to study the influence of opening angle on the natural smoke exhaust ability for top and bottom hung windows. The smoke exhaust capacity of the top and bottom hung windows are evaluated by analyzing the mass flow, pressure and speed of the smoke outlet, and the main smoke exhaust area. The results show that the smoke exhaust efficiency of the bottom-hung window is obviously higher than the top-hung windows. Under the same o-pening angle and fire source power, the bottom-hung window c-an discharge 52% ~61% more smoke than the top-hung window. The relative mass flow of the top- hung window has an exponential relationship with the opening angle because the window structure is hindering the exhaust of smoke. When the opening angle is less than 64°, the main smoke exhaust area is the triangular area on both sides of the window, while the relative mass flow of the bottomhung window has little relationship with the open angle, and the window structure is beneficial to discharge smoke. When the opening angle is less than 56° , the main smoke exhaust area is the horizontal area near the lower side of the window, as the opening angle increases, the main smoke exhaust areas of the top and bottom hung windows transition to the vertical area under the far window. When choosing exhaust windows for buildings, it is recommended that bottom- hung window should be preferred, and the opening angle is 30° ; if top-hung window is selected, the opening angle should not be less than 60°. 

Key words:  , natural smoke exhaust, numerical simulation, tophung window, bottom-hung window