主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (3): 340-344.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

天然气场站泄漏事故后果模拟与风险评估

罗振敏1,2，郝苗1,2，王磊1,2，程方明1,2，王涛1,2   

  1. 1. 西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院，陕西西安710054；2. 陕西省工业过程安全与应急救援工程技术研究中心，陕西西安710054
  • 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-15
  • 作者简介:罗振敏(1976-),女,山东兖州人,西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院副院长、教授、博士生导师,主要从事可燃性气体爆炸防控理论及技术研究,陕西省西安市雁塔路58 号,710054。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2020TD-021)；国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFC0804702)

Leakage accident consequence simulation and risk assessment of natural gas station

LUO Zhen-min1,2，HAO miao1,2，WANG lei1,2， CHENG Fang-ming1,2，WANG tao1,2   

  1. 1. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China; 2. Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Industrial Process Safety＆Emergency Rescue, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China
  • Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-15

摘要： 针对天然气场站泄漏燃爆伤亡危害范围问题, 利用PHAST 软件对某天然气场站发生不同程度泄漏后可能造成的蒸气云爆炸、喷射火等燃爆事故后果进行了模拟分析与风险评估，得出该场站各典型事故的安全距离及个人风险和社会风险曲线。结果表明：泄漏孔径越大，泄漏扩散影响范围也越大；喷射火的热辐射值会随着下风向的距离先逐渐递增，达到一定峰值后，逐渐减弱最后趋于稳定；爆炸中心到泄漏点的下风向距离在增大，其爆炸冲击波的危害区域在扩大；风险曲线可直观地看出该天然气场站对周围环境和人口造成的影响。该结论为消防救援及制定应急预案等提供了参考数据。

关键词: 消防, 天然气, 泄漏, PHAST, 后果模拟, 风险评估

Abstract: Aiming at the problem about the damage range of casualties caused by the fire and explosion of natural gas stations， and taking a natural gas station as the research object, the PHAST software is used to simulate and analyze the consequences of gas cloud explosions, flash fires, and jet fire caused by different degrees of leakage in the natural gas station, and the safety distance, personal risk and social risk curves of each typical accident in the station are calculated. It showed that the larger the leakage aperture is, the greater the scope of leakage and diffusion is; The heat radiation value of the jet fire will gradually increase with the distance from the downwind direction, and after reaching a certain peak, it will gradually weaken and finally stabilize. The downwind distance from the explosion center to the leakage point is increasing, and the hazardous area of the explosion overpressure is expanding. The risk curve quantitatively reflects the threat to the surrounding environment and population. This conclusion can provide scientific data for fire rescue and emergency plans.

Key words:

fire fighting, natural gas, leakage, PHAST, simulation of accident consequences, risk assessment  ,