主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 201-203.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

高海拔隧道火灾烟气及温度场数值模拟研究

田源1,2   

  1. 1. 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司，陕西西安710043；2. 陕西省铁道及地下交通工程重点实验室（中铁一院），陕西西安710043
  • 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-15
  • 作者简介:田源（1995-），男，山西忻州人，中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司助理工程师，硕士，主要从事隧道及地下工程防灾通风设计研究工作，陕西省西安市雁塔区西影路2 号，710043。

Numerical simulation of fire smoke and temperature field in high altitude tunnel

TIAN Yuan1,2   

  1. 1. China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Xi'an 710043, China; 2. Shaanxi Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory(FSDI), Shaanxi Xi'an 710043, China
  • Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-15

摘要：

采用FDS 建立典型双车道公路隧道，对海拔高度为500、4 000 m 的公路隧道发生火灾时的烟气蔓延特征及温度分布规律进行数值模拟分析，以得到低压、低温、低氧含量等高海拔环境对公路隧道火灾发展的影响规律。结果表明：相比较平原地区隧道，高海拔地区公路隧道火灾烟气最高温度更低，火焰高度更高，且近火源区的拱顶最高温度升温速度明显大于远火源区；在同等火灾热释放速率下，高海拔地区隧道内烟气一维纵向蔓延长度更大，且近火源区隧道上层高温烟气与下层冷空气界限较为分明，而远火源区则逐渐出现较为明显的烟气下沉现象。

关键词: 隧道火灾, 高海拔, 烟气蔓延, 温度分布, 数值模拟

Abstract:

FDS is used to build a typical two-lane highway tunnel， the fire smoke spread characteristics and temperature distribution law of the highway tunnel with altitudes of 500 m and 4 000 m are analyzed, so as to get the influence law of the environmental factors such as low pressure, low temperature and low oxygen content on the development of highway tunnel fire. The results show that the maximum temperature of fire smoke in highway tunnels in high- altitude areas is lower than that in plain areas, and its flame height is higher than that in plain areas. The maximum temperature rising rate of the vault near the fire source is obviously higher than that of the area far away from the fire source. Under the same fire heat release rate, the one- dimensional longitudinal spread of fire smoke in the tunnel in high altitude areas is greater than that in plain areas, and the boundary between the high- temperature flue gas in the upper layer and the cold air in the lower layer of the tunnel near the fire source is more obvious, while the smoke sinking phenomenon is more obvious away from the fire source. 

Key words: tunnel fire, high altitude, smoke spread, temperature distribution, numerical simulation