主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (2): 157-159.

• •    下一篇

三元锂电池过充诱导燃烧特性的试验研究

张磊1，张春颖2，黄昊1，张永丰1，曹丽英1，胡成1   

  1. 1. 应急管理部上海消防研究所，上海200438；2. 杭州中传消防设备有限公司，浙江杭州311121
  • 出版日期:2021-02-15 发布日期:2021-02-15
  • 作者简介:张磊(1990-)，男，江苏张家港人，应急管理部上海消防研究所灭火理论研究室助理研究员，主要从事电动汽车与储能电站火灾防控、事故调查、物证鉴定等方面的研究，上海市杨浦区民京路918 号，200438。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFB0104004）

Experimental study on the combustion characteristics of ternary lithium battery by overcharge

ZHANG Lei1, ZHANG Chun-ying2, HUANG Hao1, ZHANG Yong-feng1, CAO Li-ying1, HU Cheng1   

  1. 1.Shanghai Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200438，China; 2.Hangzhou Zhongchuan Fire Equipment Co., Ltd.，Zhejiang Hangzhou 311121，China
  • Online:2021-02-15 Published:2021-02-15

摘要：

为保障锂电池储能行业的安全发展，建立锂电池火灾科学防控技术，针对三元锂电池单体和模组，采用恒定电流过充电的诱导方式，开展了锂电池火灾燃烧特性和蔓延规律研究。试验结果显示，三元锂电池的燃烧过程可分为鼓胀、冒烟、燃烧3 个阶段，且呈喷射火形式，燃烧强度大、燃烧速度快，火灾最高温度约为750 ℃；三元锂电池热失控会生成CO、SO2、THC 等气体，其中CO 的体积分数最高，超过1 × 10- 2，THC 浓度次之，约为2 ×10- 3，SO2 最少；三元锂电池模组过充电条件下会发生明显的热失控扩散，且火灾前期的热扩散较快，间隔时间约为20 s，最终导致全部锂电池单体发生燃烧。

关键词: 三元锂电池, 过充, 燃烧, 火焰传播

Abstract: In order to ensure the security level of the lithium battery energy storage industry and establish a scientific prevention and control technology for lithium battery fires, the research on the combustion characteristics and propagation law of the ternary lithium battery cell and module was carried out by overcharge. As the result shows, the combustion process of the ternary lithium battery could be divided into three stages: bulging, smoking, and jet burning.In the forin of jet fires high fire intensity and fast burning speed were both obverted during the combustion process and the maximum fire temperature was about 750 ℃. CO, SO2 and THC were generated as the ternary lithium battery going to thermal runaway. The CO concentration was the highest,exceeding 10-2. The THC concentration was about 2 × 10-3 and the SO2 concentration was the least. The thermal runaway expansion would happen under the condition of over change. The speed of thermal runaway expansion was relatively fast in the early stage of the fire and the interval time was only about 20 seconds, resulting the combustion of all battery call

Key words: ternary lithium battery, overcharge, combustion;flame propagation