主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 130-134.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于火灾风险的城市消防站布局评估技术

贺俊杰，杨君涛   

  1. 应急管理部上海消防研究所，上海200438
  • 出版日期:2021-01-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
  • 作者简介:贺俊杰(1983-)，湖南湘乡人，应急管理部上海消防研究所灭火理论研究室助理研究员，硕士，主要从事消防安全评估、消防救援辅助决策等方面的科研工作,上海市杨浦区民京路918 号221 室,200438。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFC0810204）；国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFF0207005）；应急管理部消防救援局重点攻关项目（2018XFGG10）；上海市自然科学基金面上项目（19ZR1411500）

Urban fire station layout assessment technology based on fire risk

HE Jun-jie, YANG Jun-tao   

  1. Shanghai Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-15

摘要：

从城市消防站布局评估需求出发，论证构建了包括用地类型、人口密度、容积率、平均楼层数等4 个指标在内的区域火灾风险评估指标体系，并给出了指标分值赋值方法、区域火灾风险计算方法和区域火灾风险等级划分依据。基于区域火灾风险评估结果，提出了不同火灾风险水平下的消防响应标准，建立了基于消防站响应覆盖率、消防站交叉响应覆盖率和消防站平均响应时间3 个指标的消防站布局评估方法和体系，并给出了各指标的详细计算方法和城市消防站布局性能评判标准。以北方某市为例，验证了上述区域火灾风险评估技术、基于火灾风险的城市消防站布局与优化技术。

关键词: 火灾风险, 消防站布局评估, 网络分析

Abstract:

Abstract: Based on the needs of urban fire station layout assessment, a regional fire risk assessment index system including four indicators, land use type, population density, floor area ratio, and average number of floors was established. And the index score assignment method, regional fire risk calculation method and regional fire risk classification basis were given as well. Based on the results of regional fire risk assessment, fire response standards under different fire risk levels were proposed, and fire station layout assessment methods based on three indicators: fire station response coverage rate, fire station cross response coverage rate and fire station average response time were established. The detailed calculation method of each index and the evaluation standard of urban fire station layout performance were given. Taking a city in North China as an example, the regional fire risk assessment technology and urban fire station layout and optimization technology based on fire risk were verified. 

Key words:  fire risk, fire station layout assessment, network analysis