主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 196-200.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

地铁站台火灾不同排烟模式对人员疏散的影响

王建国，王经伟，苏俊凯   

  1. （西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710054）
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-24 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-02-15
  • 作者简介:王建国（1977—），男，山东济南人，西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院副教授，博士，主要从事火灾科学与消防工程技术研究，陕西省西安市雁塔路58号，710054。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划项目（工业领域重点项目）（2017ZDXM-GY-107）

Influence of smoke exhaust modes on personnel evacuation in subway station

WANG Jian-guo, WANG Jing-wei, SU Jun-kai   

  1. (School of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China)
  • Received:2019-09-24 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-15

摘要： 为研究火灾场景下不同排烟模式对人员疏散的影响，以某双层岛式地铁车站为原型，通过FDS软件建立火灾模型，分析4种排烟模式下地铁站台的火灾烟气温度、CO体积分数、能见度的分布。规定疏散时间360 s内，在人眼特征高度1.6 m处：自然排烟模式下的人员疏散途径区域出现温度大于60 ℃、CO体积分数大于250×10-6、能见度低于10 m的区域；车站隧道排烟模式下的人员疏散途径区域出现能见度低于10 m的区域；车站公共区排烟模式和车站公共区及车站隧道混合排烟模式下，人员疏散途径区域火灾烟气温度、CO体积分数、能见度均低于疏散指标。

关键词: 通风排烟, 数值模拟, 温度, 能见度, CO体积分数

Abstract: In order to study the effects of different smoke exhaust modes on the evacuation in a fire scenario, a double-deck island subway station was taken as example, the fire model was established by FDS, and the distribution of fire smoke temperature, CO concentration and visibility of subway stations under 4 exhaust modes were analyzed. Within the specified evacuation time of 360 s, at the height of the human eye as 1.6 m, the evacuation route under the natural smoke exhaust mode has the area which temperature is greater than 60 ℃, CO volume fraction is greater than (250×)10-6, and visibility is less than 10 m. Under the evacuation mode of the smoke exhaust, there is an area with visibility less than 10 m in the evacuation route. The mode of smoke exhaust in the public area of the station, and mixed smoke exhaust of station public area and station tunnel, the fire smoke temperature, CO concentration and visibility in the evacuation route area are lower than the evacuation index.

Key words: ventilation and exhaust, numerical simulation, temperature, visibility, CO concentration