主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (3): 293-298.

• •    下一篇

辐射与明火作用下导线铜芯表面变色特征研究

刘洪永1,2,3,4, 罗劭翔1,2,3,4, 武昕宇1,2,3,4, 张佳庆5, 王苾钰6   

  1. （1. 中国矿业大学 煤矿瓦斯与火灾防治教育部重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116；2. 中国矿业大学 煤矿灾害防控全国重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116；3. 中国矿业大学 煤岩动力灾害防控理论与技术国家矿山安全监察局重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116；4. 城市火灾防控江苏省高校重点实验室，江苏 徐州 221116；5. 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，安徽 合肥 230601；6. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192）
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-08 修回日期:2024-08-09 出版日期:2025-03-15 发布日期:2025-03-15
  • 作者简介:刘洪永，中国矿业大学安全工程学院消防工程专业建设负责人，副教授，博士，主要从事电气防火与火灾调查相关领域的教学及科研工作，江苏省徐州市大学路1号中国矿业大学南湖校区，221116，lhyeven@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家电网有限公司总部管理科技项目资助（5400-202355235A-1-1-ZN）

Characteristics of surface discoloration of copper conductors under the action of radiation and flame

Liu Hongyong1,2,3,4, Luo Shaoxiang1,2,3,4, Wu Xinyu1,2,3,4, Zhang Jiaqing5, Wang Biyu6   

  1. (1. Key Laboratory of Gas and Fire Control for Coal Mines, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China; 2.State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China; 3. Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology on Coal and Rock Dynamic Disaster Prevention and Control, National Mine Safety Administration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China; 4. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Urban Fire Safety, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou Jiangsu 221116, China; 5. State Grid Anhui Electric Power Research Institute, Hefei Anhui 230601, China; 6. China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192，China)
  • Received:2024-05-08 Revised:2024-08-09 Online:2025-03-15 Published:2025-03-15

摘要： 铜导线特征在火灾事故调查中应用广泛。采用GSL-1100X型管式炉辐射加热和正庚烷明火加热两种工况，将铜导线加热至100~1 000 ℃的温度，通过炉冷、自然冷却和水冷却的方式降至常温。运用MATLAB软件，基于前景辅助K均值算法聚类识别照片中的导线的L*a*b*颜色，定量分析导线铜芯表面颜色与受热、冷却条件的关系。结果表明：导线铜芯表面颜色随温度升高先由暗金色变为黑色，再变为红色，最后变为深灰色；明火加热工况相较于辐射加热工况整体颜色变化存在滞后；明火加热工况中，水冷却的颜色相较于自然冷却的颜色偏青色且变化较小。通过上述分析，提出一种基于导线铜芯表面颜色的火灾现场事故调查的思路，为火灾快速勘验提供参考。

关键词: 火灾物证, 辐射加热, 明火加热, 铜导线, 变色特征

Abstract: The characteristics of copper wires are widely used in fire accident investigations. This article adopts two working conditions, GSL-1100X tube furnace radiation heating and n-hexane open flame heating, to heat the copper wire to a temperature of 100~1 000 ℃, and reduce it to room temperature through furnace cooling, natural cooling, and water cooling. Using MATLAB software, based on foreground assisted K-means algorithm to cluster and identify the L*a*b* color of wires in photos, quantitatively analyzed the relationship between the surface color of copper wires and heating and cooling conditions. The results show that the surface color of copper wires changes from dark gold to black, then to red, and finally to dark gray with increasing temperature; The overall color change of the open flame heating condition lags behind that of the radiation heating condition; In the open flame heating condition, the color of water cooling tends to be bluer and has a smaller change compared to natural cooling. Based on the above analysis, a fire scene accident investigation approach based on the surface color of copper wires is proposed, providing reference for rapid fire investigation.

Key words: fire physical evidence, radiation heating, flame heating, copper wire, discoloration