主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 147-151.

• •    下一篇

改性蒙脱土和改性海泡石的制备及阻燃聚氨酯硬泡的研究

侯雁北1, 王苏和1, 李志勇2, 唐国强2, 付建伟2, 胡伟兆1   

  1. （1.中国科学技术大学 火灾科学国家重点实验室，安徽 合肥230026； 2.兖矿能源股份有限公司，山东 济宁 273500）
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-15 修回日期:2024-10-15 出版日期:2025-02-15 发布日期:2025-02-15
  • 作者简介:侯雁北，中国科学技术大学火灾科学国家重点实验室特任研究员，主要从事阻燃材料功能化方面的研究，安徽省合肥市中国科学技术大学西校区，230026。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目（52374239）

Preparation of modified montmorillonite and modified sepiolite and research on flame retardant polyurethane rigid foam

Hou Yanbei1, Wang Suhe1, Li Zhiyong2, Tang Guangqiang2, Fu Jianwei2, Hu Weizhao1   

  1. (1. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; 2. Yankuang Energy Group Co., Ltd., Jining, Shandong 273500, China)
  • Received:2024-10-15 Revised:2024-10-15 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-15

摘要： 本文研究了蒙脱土和海泡石在超支化阻燃聚氨酯硬泡（RPUF）中的适用性及其阻燃性能。首先，采用超支化聚（羟甲基氧化膦）膦酸酯（PHPOP）对蒙脱土和海泡石进行改性。然后将改性后的无机填料加入到RPUF中，通过调节填料含量制备了一系列复合泡沫材料。研究结果表明，加入改性蒙脱土和改性海泡石后，RPUF的热稳定性及阻燃性能显著提高。锥形量热测试和热重分析结果显示，改性填料的引入有效降低了RPUF的峰值放热率和总放热率，并增强了材料的热稳定性和残炭率。此外，研究还表明，改性蒙脱土和海泡石与PHPOP的协同作用显著提高了RPUF的电气绝缘性。本研究为聚氨酯硬泡的阻燃改性提供了新的思路和方法。

关键词: 超支化阻燃聚氨酯硬泡, 蒙脱土, 海泡石, 改性, 阻燃性能

Abstract: This paper investigates the enhancement of flame retardancy in hyperbranched flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foam (RPUF) through the incorporation of modified montmorillonite and sepiolite. The inorganic fillers, montmorillonite and sepiolite, were first functionalized using hyperbranched poly(hydroxymethyl phosphine oxide) phosphonate (PHPOP) and subsequently integrated into the RPUF matrix. A series of composite foams were then developed by varying the filler content. The findings demonstrate that the thermal stability and flame retardant performance of RPUF were markedly improved by the addition of the modified fillers. Cone calorimetry and thermogravimetric analyses reveal that the modified fillers effectively reduce the peak heat release rate and total heat release rate of RPUF, while also enhancing its thermal stability and char formation. Moreover, the study highlights the synergistic interaction between the modified montmorillonite, sepiolite, and PHPOP, which significantly boosts the material's electrical insulation properties and smoke suppression. These results provide valuable insights and methodologies for the flame-retardant modification of polyurethane rigid foam.

Key words: hyperbranched flame-retardant polyurethane rigid foam, montmorillonite, sepiolite, modification, flame retardant properties