主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 125-130.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

我国危化企业专职消防队（站）建设探讨

包有权1,2,3,王璐1,2,3,邱培芳1,2,3,程  诚4，智会强1,2,3,郝爱玲1,2,3,范亚坤1,2,3   

  1. （1.应急管理部天津消防研究所，天津 300381；2.工业与公共建筑火灾防控技术应急管理部重点实验室，天津 300381；3.天津市消防安全技术重点实验室，天津 300381；4.国家管网集团北方管道有限责任公司，河北 廊坊 065000）
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-26 修回日期:2024-09-19 出版日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 作者简介:包有权，应急管理部天津消防研究所第二研究室副研究员，博士，主要从事油气储运和石油化工消防技术研究，天津市南开区卫津南路110号，300381。
  • 基金资助:
    国家消防救援局科技计划项目（2023XFLR44，2022XFCX21）

Discussion on the construction of full-time fire brigades (stations) in hazardous chemical enterprises in China

Bao Youquan1,2,3, Wang Lu1,2,3, Qiu Peifang1,2,3, Cheng Cheng4, Zhi Huiqiang1,2,3, Hao Ailing1,2,3, Fan Yakun1,2,3   

  1. (1. Tianjin Fire Science and Technology Research Institute of MEM, Tianjin 300381, China; 2. Key Laboratory of Fire Protection Technology for Industry and Public Building, Ministry of Emergency Management, Tianjin 300381, China; 3. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Fire Safety Technology, Tianjin 300381, China; 4. Pipe China North Pipeline Co., Ltd, Langfang Hebei 065000, China)
  • Received:2024-05-26 Revised:2024-09-19 Online:2025-01-21 Published:2025-01-15

摘要： 介绍了石油化工企业、煤化工企业、精细化工企业、石油（储备）库和石油天然气企业等危化企业的火灾危险性、火灾爆炸事故特点和消防车辆配备重点，梳理了我国危化企业专职消防队（站）建设的相关法律法规、部门规章、文件及国家标准的要求。从法律法规标准体系、用工模式、职业待遇、装备器材和技能培训等方面分析了我国危化企业专职消防队（站）建设存在的问题。围绕完善法规标准体系、建立评估方法和机制、创新用工模式、提升综合保障能力、优化装备器材配置和加强职业技能培训等目标，研究提出了我国危化企业专职消防队（站）建设的建议。

关键词: 石油化工企业, 煤化工企业, 精细化工企业, 石油（储备）库, 石油天然气企业, 专职消防队, 企业消防站

Abstract: This work introduced the fire risk, the characteristics of fire and explosion accidents and the key points of fire truck selection in hazardous chemical enterprises such as petrochemical enterprises, coal chemical enterprises, fine chemical enterprises, oil (storage) depot, petroleum and natural gas enterprises, and summarized the relevant laws and regulations, departmental rules and documents, national codes for the construction of full-time fire brigades (stations) in hazardous chemical enterprises in China. From the aspects of law, regulation and standard system, employment mode, occupational treatment, equipment and skill training, the problems existing in the construction of full-time fire brigades (stations) in hazardous enterprises in China were analyzed. Focusing on the goals of improving the system of regulations and standards, establishing evaluation methods and mechanisms, innovating employment modes, improving comprehensive support capabilities, optimizing equipment allocation, and strengthening vocational skills training, we put forward suggestions on the construction of full-time fire brigades (stations) in hazardous enterprises in China.

Key words: petrochemical enterprises, coal chemical enterprises, fine chemical enterprise, oil (storage) depot, petroleum and natural gas enterprises, full-time fire brigade, enterprise fire station