主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 119-124.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

昆明地区华山松林抚育后地表可燃物燃烧性研究

许师瑛1, 朱熙隆1, 杨志林2, 王秋华1   

  1. （1.西南林业大学 土木工程学院 云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室，云南 昆明 650224； 2.红河州林火监测中心，云南 蒙自 661199）
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-30 修回日期:2024-06-21 出版日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 作者简介:许师瑛，西南林业大学土木工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事森林防火研究，云南省昆明市盘龙区白龙寺300号，650224。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划（2023YFD2202002）；国家自然科学基金（32160376，31960318）

Study on combustion of surface fuels of Pinus armandii forest after nurturing in Kunming

Xu Shiying1, Zhu Xilong1, Yang Zhilin2, Wang Qiuhua1   

  1. (1. College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control, Kunming Yunnan 650224, China; 2. Forest Fire Monitoring Center of Honghe City, Mengzi Yunnan 661199, China)
  • Received:2024-04-30 Revised:2024-06-21 Online:2025-01-21 Published:2025-01-15

摘要： 以云南森林自然中心抚育后的华山松林为研究对象，通过外业调查和室内测定、模拟燃烧试验相结合的方法，评估可燃物的含水率、灰分含量、粗脂肪含量、燃点、热值等燃烧性指标，研究分析修枝剪条、间伐等抚育措施对华山松林地表可燃物燃烧性的影响。结果表明：抚育后的华山松林，枝下高增加至6.3～8.5 m、林分密度为1 900～2 700株/hm2；地表可燃物含水率低于15%、灰分和粗脂肪含量分别为2.94%～5.58%和7.94%～8.09%，燃点270 ℃左右、热值20 020～21 084 kJ/kg；室内模拟燃烧中，可燃物的引燃速度不超过2 s、火焰温度为462.0～475.8 ℃、火焰辐射介于6～7 kW/m2。抚育后的地表可燃物含水率降低，有利于幼苗生长，林内枝下高增加，同时地表火焰高度为0.45～0.51 m。抚育后的华山松林内地表可燃物含水率和载量较低、灰分和粗脂肪含量中等、燃点和热值较高。抚育措施能阻止地表火发展为树冠火，有效降低森林火灾的发生风险等。研究结果有利于当地采取更合理的措施，从而实现科学火管理。

关键词: 抚育, 燃烧性, 地表可燃物, 华山松, 昆明

Abstract: This paper aims to study on the Pinus armandii forest after nurturing in the Yunnan Forest Nature Center through a combination of field surveys, indoor measurements, and simulated combustion tests, to analyze the impact of pruning and thinning measures on the combustibility of the surface combustible fuels such as moisture, ash, crude fat, burning point, and calorific etc. The results showed that after nurturing, the height below the branches of the Pinus armandii forest increased to 6.3~8.5 m, the forest contains 1 900~2 700 trees per hectare, the moisture was below 15%, the ash contents were 2.94%~5.58%, the crude fat contents were 7.94%~8.09%, the ignition point was around 270 ℃, and the calorific value was 20 020~21 084 kJ/kg. In indoor simulated combustion, the ignition speed of combustible fuels did not exceed 2 s, the flame temperature was 462.0~475.8 ℃, and the flame radiation was between 6~7 kW/m2. The moisture of the surface combustible fuels decreased after nurturing, which was beneficial for seedling growth. And the height below the branches in the forest increased while the height of the surface flame was 0.45~0.51 m. Accordingly, after nurturing, the surface combustible fuels in the Pinus armandii forest features low moisture and load, moderate ash and crude fat content, high burning point and calorific. At the same time, the nurture measures can prevent surface fires from developing into canopy fires and effectively reduce the risk of forest fires. The results are conducive to the adoption of more reasonable measures by the local area, thus achieving scientific fire management.

Key words: nurturing, combustibility, surface fuels, Pinus armandii, Kunming