主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 112-118.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

阴燃林火的消防技术与策略

秦蕴竹1, 张轶超1, 陈玉莹1, 林少润2, 黄鑫炎1   

  1. （1.香港理工大学 智慧消防与城市韧性研究中心，中国 香港 999077； 2.加州大学伯克利分校，美国 伯克利 94720）
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-11 修回日期:2024-10-26 出版日期:2025-01-21 发布日期:2025-01-15
  • 作者简介:秦蕴竹，香港理工大学博士研究生，主要从事阴燃和森林火灾方面的研究，中国香港特别行政区九龙紅磡育才道11号，999077。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（52322610）

Firefighting technologies and strategies for smoldering wildfire

Qin Yunzhu1, Zhang Yichao1, Chen Yuying1, Lin Shaorun2, Huang Xinyan1   

  1. (1. Research Centre for Smart Urban Resilience and Firefighting, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China; 2. University of California, Berkeley 94720, USA)
  • Received:2024-05-11 Revised:2024-10-26 Online:2025-01-21 Published:2025-01-15

摘要： 相比明火，阴燃的反应温度更低，蔓延速度也更慢，能在缺氧、高含水率、深层地下等极端条件下持续存在。因此，阴燃林火的探测和灭火面临更大挑战。本文综述了当前阴燃灭火的研究进展，从“冷熄”“窒息”“燃尽”3个方面探讨灭火方法，包括人工降雨、地下漫灌、防火隔离带等措施的可行性。同时，总结了当前森林阴燃火的预防、监测与灭火策略，为未来阴燃灭火基础理论研究，以及基于人工智能、数字孪生等新技术的开发提供参考。

关键词: 森林火灾, 地下火, 灭火机理, 林火监测, 消防安全, 防灾减灾

Abstract: Compared to flaming combustion, smoldering has a lower reaction temperature and slower spread rate, and can persist under extreme conditions such as oxygen-limited environments, high moisture content, and deep underground. Therefore, the detection and extinguishing of smoldering wildland fires face greater challenges. This paper provides an overview of the past research on smoldering suppression at the laboratory scale from the perspectives of three basic mechanisms: quenching, smothering, and burnout. The feasibilities and possibilities of controlling smoldering fires through artificial rainfall, underground water injection, and the construction of firebreaks are summarized. Furthermore, the technologies and strategies for prevention, monitoring, and suppression in current wildland smoldering fire management practices are overviewed, providing insights for future theoretical research on smoldering fires and the development of new technologies based on artificial intelligence and digital twins.

Key words: wildland fires, underground fire, fire extinguishing mechanism, wildland monitoring, fire safety, disaster prevention and mitigation