关键词: 美国消防教育, 消防教育培训体系, 消防员选拔

Abstract: With the restructuring and transfer of China's fire and rescue forces, their functions have been significantly expanded, focusing on the mission of “all types of disasters and major emergencies” and striving to achieve significant progress and breakthroughs in the new environment. However, the current education and training system is not fully able to meet the new demands brought by this transformation. In view of this, this article delves into the education and training system for fire personnel in the United States, detailing the recruitment and selection process, the training and induction procedures, as well as the specific training content and methods. Then it highlights problems within China's firefighting training system, including uneven distribution of training resources, insufficient training content, and a lack of practical feedback mechanisms. Drawing upon in-depth research into the US system, the article proposes strategies for optimizing China's firefighting training framework, such as the establishment of a comprehensive firefighting educational and training system, the enhancement of public firefighting education and cultural development, the improvement of the firefighting legal and regulatory framework, and a focus on practice, appliance and international communication. Borrowing advanced practices from the US firefighting training system holds significant importance for enhancing the professional quality of China's firefighters and their ability to respond to emergencies.

Key words: US fire education, fire education and training system, selection of fire personnel