主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (11): 1524-1527.

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森林环境中文物古建筑火灾处置能力评估模型研究

颜龙1, 郑佳欣1, 李琪1, 刘顶立2   

  1. （1. 中南大学 土木工程学院， 湖南 长沙 410075；2. 长沙理工大学， 湖南 长沙 410114）
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-18 修回日期:2024-04-06 出版日期:2024-11-15 发布日期:2024-11-15
  • 作者简介:颜 龙（1987- ），男，中南大学土木工程学院消防工程系副教授，博士，主要从事灭火及防火阻燃材料研究，湖南省长沙市天心区韶山南路22号，410075。
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(52276143)；湖南省重点研发计划项目(2021SK2054)

Research on fire disposal capacity evaluation model of cultural relics and ancient buildings in forest environment

Yan Long1, Zhang Jiaxin1, Li Qi1, Liu Dingli2   

  1. (1. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Hunan Changsha 410075, China;2. Department of Engineering Management, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hunan Changsha 410114, China)
  • Received:2023-12-18 Revised:2024-04-06 Online:2024-11-15 Published:2024-11-15

摘要： 我国许多文物古建筑分布在森林环境中，若发生森林火灾，极易导致文物古建筑着火并损毁。针对这一情况，本文提出了森林环境中文物古建筑火灾处置能力评估模型，创新性地将“森林火灾”“气候条件”等影响因素融入评估体系中，包含了“外部消防救援力量、自身灭火救援力量、自身影响因素、森林影响因素”4个中间层，16个指标，邀请专家采取层次分析法确定指标权重。运用该评估模型对岳麓山风景名胜区内的某典型古建筑进行示范评估，得分为72.73分。根据该古建筑各指标的权重与得分提出火灾处置能力的提升建议，说明了该评估方法的科学合理性以及可操作性，对科学开展文物古建筑火灾处置救援工作具有参考意义。

关键词: 古建筑, 气候条件, 火灾处置能力, 层次分析法, 森林火灾

Abstract: Many cultural relics and ancient buildings in our country distribute in forest environment, if forest fire occurs, it is very easy to cause fire and damage of cultural relic buildings. In view of this situation, this paper proposes an evaluation model of fire disposal capacity of cultural relics and ancient buildings in forest environment, which innovatively integrates "forest fire", "climatic conditions" and other influencing factors into the evaluation system, including four intermediate layers of "external firefighting and rescue strength, own firefighting and rescue strength, own influencing factors and forest influencing factors", and 16 indicators. The index weights were determined by inviting experts to adopt the analytic hierarchy process. The model is used to evaluate a typical ancient building in Yuelu Mountain, and the score is 72.73. According to the weight and score of each index of the ancient building, some suggestions are put forward to improve the fire disposal capacity, which shows the scientific rationality and maneuverability of the evaluation method, and has reference significance for scientific firefighting and rescue work of cultural relics and ancient buildings.

Key words: ancient architecture, climatic conditions, fire disposal capacity, analytic hierarchy process, forest fire