主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 1349-1354.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

不同激源条件下磷酸铁锂电池热失控产气特性研究

张乾钧1, 张明杰2, 杨凯2, 李建玲1   

  1. （1. 北京科技大学 冶金与生态工程学院，北京 100083；2. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京 100192）
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-06 修回日期:2024-02-08 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-15
  • 作者简介:作者简介：张乾钧（1996— ），男，北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事锂离子电池安全性研究，北京市海淀区学院路30号，100083。
  • 基金资助:
    基金项目：国家重点研发计划（2023YFC3009900）

Characteristics of thermal runaway gas production in lithium iron phosphate batteries under different conditions

Zhang Qianjun1, Zhang Mingjie2, Yang Kai2,Li Jianling1   

  1. (1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;2. China Electric Power Research Institute Co. Ltd., Beijing 100192, China)
  • Received:2024-01-06 Revised:2024-02-08 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-15

摘要： 为研究磷酸铁锂电池热失控产气行为，选用105 Ah方形磷酸铁锂电池，分析过热和过充条件下电池热失控过程和产气特性，研究发现：过充能够直接引起电池电极和电解液之间的电化学反应，因此，与过热致电池热失控相比，过充导致电池热失控产生的H2比例下降、CO比例上升。当过充倍率升高时，电池热失控产生的CO、H2总量变大，最大产气速率也变大，105 Ah电池在1C和1.5C的过充倍率下最大产气速率分别为0.845、1.411 g/s。和过热相比，过充产生混合气体的质量更多。本文对电池热失控产气特性的研究结果可为储能系统安全防控设计提供支撑。

关键词: 过热, 过充, 磷酸铁锂电池, 热失控

Abstract: In order to study the thermal runaway gas production behavior of lithium iron phosphate batteries, this paper selects 105 Ah lithium iron phosphate batteries, and analyses the thermal runaway process and gas production characteristics of the batteries under overheating and overcharging conditions. It has been found that overcharging can directly cause electrochemical reactions between battery electrodes and electrolyte. Therefore, compared with the thermal runaway of the battery caused by overheating, the proportion of H2 generated by thermal runaway of the battery caused by overcharging decreases and the proportion of CO increases. When the overcharge rate increases, the total amount of CO and H2 produced by the thermal runaway of the battery becomes larger, the maximum gas production rate also becomes larger, and the maximum gas production rate of the battery at the overcharge rate of 1.0C and 1.5C is 0.845 g/s and 1.411 g/s separately. Compared with the overheating condition, the overcharging produces more gas mixture. The research results can provide support for the safety designs of energy storage systems.

Key words: overheating, overcharging, lithium iron phosphate battery, thermal runaway