主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 1322-1327.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于区域视角的特长公路隧道消防救援可达性评价

周添1, 姜洪2, 刘顶立1, 刘伟军1   

  1. （1. 长沙理工大学 交通运输工程学院，湖南 长沙 410114；2. 邵阳交通学校，湖南 邵阳 422502）
  • 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-15
  • 作者简介:周 添（1999- ），男，长沙理工大学交通运输工程学院硕士研究生，主要从事公路交通应急救援方面的研究，湖南省长沙市天心区万家丽南路二段960号，410114。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目（52204202）；湖南省交通运输厅科技项目（202122）；长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目（CSLGCX23016）

Evaluation of fire service accessibility of extra-long road tunnels from a regional perspective

Zhou Tian1, Jiang Hong2, Liu Dingli1, Liu Weijun1   

  1. (1. School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Hunan Changsha 410114, China; 2. Shaoyang Jiao Tong School, Hunan Shaoyang 422502, China)
  • Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-09-15

摘要： 特长公路隧道消防救援一直是公共安全及公路交通领域的难题。由于特长公路隧道“长线型、双洞分离”的特点，其不同区段及不同行驶方向的消防救援可达性相差较大，难以用现有方法准确评价。为此，本文对特长公路隧道不同行驶方向车道等距采集消防救援需求点，而后计算消防救援需求点平均行程时间，以衡量消防救援可达性。建立了基于时间加权的区域特长公路隧道消防救援总体平均可达性评价模型。为验证该模型有效性，以贵州省特长公路隧道为例，共采集了960个消防救援需求点，通过网络地图应用程序编程接口仿真救援实时行程时间。在完整的一周（连续7天）设置了337个估算场景，共获取了323 520个有效评价样本。计算得出贵州省特长公路隧道的消防救援总体平均可达性为0.242，消防救援总体平均行程时间为2 560.68 s，消防救援总体平均行程距离为32 870.18 m，结果等级为“差”，表明该区域特长公路隧道消防救援可达性低。从安全和经济的角度考虑，可建立特长公路隧道专职消防队及在高速公路沿线收费站或服务区设置消防救援点。本文提出的评价模型可为从区域视角提升特长隧道消防救援能力提供关键方法及数据支撑。

关键词: 特长公路隧道, 火灾, 消防救援, 实时路况, 可达性

Abstract: Fire rescue in special highway tunnels has always been a challenge in the fields of public safety and highway transportation. Due to the characteristics of "long line type and double hole separation" of extra long highway tunnels, the accessibility of fire rescue varies greatly in different sections and driving directions, making it difficult to accurately evaluate using existing methods. Therefore, this article collects fire rescue demand points equidistant from different driving directions of lanes in a special highway tunnel, and then calculates the average travel time of fire rescue demand points to measure the accessibility of fire rescue. A time weighted evaluation model for the overall average accessibility of fire rescue in regional extra long highway tunnels has been established. To verify the effectiveness of the model, taking the extra long highway tunnel in Guizhou Province as an example, a total of 960 fire rescue demand points were collected, and the real-time rescue travel time was simulated through the network map application programming interface. 337 estimation scenarios were set up throughout the entire week (7 consecutive days), and a total of 323 520 valid evaluation samples were obtained. The overall average accessibility of fire rescue in Guizhou Province's extra long highway tunnels is calculated to be 0.242, with an average travel time of 2 560.68 seconds and an average travel distance of 32 870.18 meters. The result level is "poor", indicating that the accessibility of fire rescue in this area's extra long highway tunnels is low. From the perspectives of safety and economy, dedicated fire brigades can be established for extra long highway tunnels, and fire rescue points can be set up at toll stations or service areas along highways. The evaluation model proposed in this article can provide key methods and data support for enhancing the fire rescue capabilities of extra long tunnels from a regional perspective.

Key words: extra-long highway tunnels, fire； fire service, real-time road conditions, accessibility