主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 1278-1285.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

漏风影响下集中排烟系统排烟量富裕系数选取研究

刘邱林1,3, 张超2, 徐志胜3, 陶浩文1   

  1. （1. 西南交通大学 消防工程系，四川 成都 611756；2. 中交城市轨道交通设计研究院有限公司，湖北 武汉 430056；3. 中南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙 410009）
  • 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-15
  • 作者简介:刘邱林（1995- ），男，山东费县人，西南交通大学消防工程系，助理教授，主要从事隧道及地下火灾防治的研究，四川省成都市郫都区西南交通大学犀浦校区，611756。
  • 基金资助:
    中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（2021zzts235）

Study on the selection of exhaust volume enrichment coefficient of ceiling exhaust system under the influence of air leakage

Liu Qiulin1,3, Zhang Chao2, Xu Zhisheng3, Tao Haowen1   

  1. (1. Department of Fire Protection Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Sichuan Chengdu 611756, China;2. CCCC Urban Rail Consultants Co., Ltd., Hubei Wuhan 430056, China; 3. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Hunan Changsha 410075, China)
  • Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-09-15

摘要： 为了研究漏风影响下的集中排烟系统排烟量富裕系数，建立了集中排烟系统风压及风量解算模型，通过与全尺寸试验数据对比，验证了该模型的准确性。并依据该模型，分析了集中排烟系统在不同设计热释放速率、隧道长度、排烟阀间距及排烟阀面积下的排烟道内风压及风量分布，研究了各参数下的排烟量富裕系数。结果表明：随着热释放速率的增大，排烟系统设计排烟量逐渐增大，但排烟量富裕系数与热释放速率无明显关联。对于使用高密闭排烟阀的情况，当隧道长度在10 km以内时，满足排烟需求的排烟量富裕系数均在10%以下；对于使用普通排烟阀的情况，无论是特长隧道还是超长隧道，排烟量富裕系数几乎都在20%以上，当隧道长度超过9 km时，排烟量富裕系数甚至能超过100%。随着排烟阀间距的增大，排烟风机的风量富裕系数和排烟系统的设计排烟量均表现出递减趋势。随着排烟阀面积增大，设计排烟量逐渐增大，排烟量富裕系数也有相似的趋势，尤其是普通排烟阀更为明显。因此，在满足排烟要求的前提下，提高排烟阀质量、扩大排烟阀间距和缩小排烟阀面积，可以起到降低排烟量富裕系数的效果。

关键词: 集中排烟, 漏风, 排烟量富裕系数, 风压风量分布, 隧道火灾

Abstract: In order to study the exhaust volume enrichment coefficient of ceiling exhaust system under the influence of air leakage, a solution model of air pressure and air volume of ceiling exhaust system was established, and the accuracy of the model was verified by comparing with the full-scale test data. Based on the model, we analyzed the air pressure and air volume distribution under different design heat release rates, tunnel lengths, exhaust vent spacing and exhaust vent areas, and studied the exhaust volume enrichment coefficients under each parameter. The results show that: with the increase of heat release rate, the designed exhaust volume increases gradually, but there is no obvious correlation between the exhaust volume richness coefficient and the heat release rate. For the case of using high-tight exhaust vent, when the length of the tunnel is less than 10 km, the exhaust volume enrichment coefficient to meet the exhaust demand is below 10%. In the case of ordinary exhaust vent, the exhaust volume enrichment coefficient is almost always over 20% for both extra-long tunnels and super-long tunnels, and even over 100% when the length of the tunnel exceeds 9 km. With the expansion of the exhaust vent spacing, the exhaust volume enrichment coefficient and the designed exhaust volume show a consistent decreasing trend. With the increase of the exhaust vent area, the designed exhaust volume gradually increased, and the exhaust volume enrichment coefficient also has a similar trend, especially the common exhaust vent is more obvious. Therefore, in order to meet the demand for smoke exhaust, improving the quality of exhaust vent, expanding the spacing of exhaust vent and reducing the exhaust vent area can play a role in reducing the effect of exhaust volume enrichment coefficient.

Key words: ceiling exhaust system, air leakage, exhaust volume enrichment coefficient, air pressure and air volume distribution, tunnel fire