关键词: 电动汽车；火灾事故；火灾原因；起火机理；防控对策

Abstract: By conducting a statistical analysis of fire incidents involving electric vehicles, this article elucidates the mechanisms behind those occurrences, and proposes preventive and control measures over production, sales, usage, maintenance, and recycling of electric vehicles five aspects based on the three major factors that cause EV fires-internal battery short-circuiting, external battery short-circuiting, and overcharging or over-discharging of the battery, alongside the characteristics of those incidents such as rapid spread, high risk, difficulty in extinguishing, and susceptibility to reignition,aiming to offer insights for firefighting and rescue operations involving electric vehicles.

Key words: electric vehicles; fire incidents; causes of fires; ignition mechanisms; prevention and surpression strategies