关键词: 结构设计, 自救器, 呼吸防护, 森林草原火灾

Abstract: This article focuses on the practical respiratory protection need of individual firefighters in forest and grassland fire suppression, designs a forest fire respiratory protection and self-rescue device, aiming to ensure the safety of the firefighters' facial skin and respiratory system during forest and grassland fire suppression tasks. The device mainly consists of a head mask assembly, smoke filtration assembly, and air supply system assembly. It is featured by lightweight, portability, ease of operation, and functional adaptability. Through flexibly switching between three air supply modes: dust filtration, smoke filtration, and oxygen-enriched supply, it can effectively meet the respiratory protection and self-rescue for forest firefighters in various situations such as advancing into the fire line, fighting the fire, and emergency evacuation. The samples have been tested and validated by the Shanghai Fire Science and Technology Research Institute and field testing by firefighting teams. It fully proves the progressiveness of this device and can provide valuable reference for the development of respiratory protection equipment for forest firefighting.

Key words: structural design, self-rescue device, respiratory protection, forest and grassland fire