主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 800-805.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

地铁列车车门开启策略对区间疏散影响研究

聂慧1,2, 沈宜欣3, 黎志华4, 马剑1   

  1. （1. 西南交通大学 交通运输与物流学院，四川 成都 610031；2. 四川交通运输职业学校，四川 成都 610031；3. 深圳大学智慧城市研究院，广东 深圳 518052；4. 广州地铁集团有限公司，广东 广州 510330）
  • 出版日期:2024-06-15 发布日期:2024-06-15
  • 作者简介:聂 慧（1988— ），女，湖北荆州人，西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院，硕士，主要从事紧急情况下人员疏散研究，四川省成都市温江区麻市街182号，610031。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3005205）；国家自然科学基金（72104205，71871189）

Effect of subway train door opening strategies on passenger evacuation efficiency

Nie Hui1,2, Shen Yixin3, Li Zhihua4, Ma Jian1   

  1. (1. School of Transportation and Logistics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China;2. Sichuan Transportation Vocational School, Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China; 3. Smart City Research Institute of Shenzhen University, Guangdong Shenzhen 518052, China; 4. Guangzhou Metro Group Co. Ltd., Guangdong Guangzhou 510330,China)
  • Online:2024-06-15 Published:2024-06-15

摘要： 当地铁列车发生火灾，采用区间人员疏散策略时，列车车门开启数量和组合形式对疏散效率的影响较大。本文提出8种车门开启策略，构建人员疏散模型并进行校验，基于模拟仿真开展对比分析。结果表明：单向疏散时，开启全部车门的疏散效率最高，比端门疏散高57%，比客室门疏散高33%；开启全部车门疏散时，车厢内流动性增强，经车厢1疏散的人数比客室门疏散增加了88%，车厢连接处易拥堵；双向疏散时，疏散方向最上游和最下游的车门流量最大，随着疏散人数增加，各车门流量表现出显著的不均衡性。

关键词: 地铁, 区间疏散, 车门开启策略, 数值仿真

Abstract: In the event of a subway train fire, the number and combination of train door openings have a significant impact on evacuation efficiency when using interval personnel evacuation strategies. This article proposes 8 door opening strategies, constructs a personnel evacuation model and verifies it, and conducts comparative analysis based on simulation. The results show that during one-way evacuation, the evacuation efficiency is highest when all doors are opened, which is 57% higher than the end door evacuation and 33% higher than the passenger compartment door evacuation; When all car doors are opened for evacuation, the mobility inside the carriage increases. The number of people evacuated through carriage one increases by 88% compared to the evacuation through the passenger compartment door, and the connection between carriages is prone to congestion; When evacuating in both directions, the flow rate of the doors in the upstream and downstream directions is the highest. As the number of evacuees increases, the flow rate of each door shows a significant imbalance.

Key words: subway;section evacuation, door opening strategy, numerical simulation