主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 156-160.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

液氮抑制32650型磷酸铁锂电池组热失控传播特性试验研究

张媛媛1, 张志伟1, 赵子明1, 张国维2   

  1. （1. 中国矿业大学深圳研究院，广东 深圳 518000；2. 中国矿业大学 安全工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116）
  • 出版日期:2024-02-15 发布日期:2024-02-15
  • 作者简介:张媛媛(1987- )，女，黑龙江北安人，中国矿业大学深圳研究院工程师，主要从事城市公共安全应急管理及技术方面的研究，广东省深圳市南山区粤海街道虚拟大学园产业化基地C301，518000。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3090503）；深圳市基础研究面上项目（JCYJ20220530164601004）

Experimental study on the thermal runaway characteristics of 32650 lithium iron phosphate battery pack inhibited by liquid nitrogen

Zhang Yuanyuan1,Zhang Zhiwei1,Zhao Ziming1, Zhang Guowei1   

  1. (1. Shenzhen Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, Guangdong Shenzhen 518000, China;2. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China)
  • Online:2024-02-15 Published:2024-02-15

摘要： 文章从磷酸铁锂电池组热失控危险特性出发，通过试验研究32650型磷酸铁锂电池单体热失控特征及其电池组间热失控传播过程。探究利用液氮喷淋阻断电池组间热失控传播，分析液氮对磷酸铁锂电池的防灭火效能。结果表明：单体锂电池热失控可划分为被动加热、安全阀泄压、自反应、喷射火、明火熄灭等5个阶段，单体电池温度变化曲线呈倒“V”形。液氮可有效阻断电池组间的热失控传播，能够大幅降低喷射火阶段的电池峰值温度。且喷淋时间越长，阻止电池组热失控传播越明显。30 s液氮喷淋条件下，除电池A1外，其他电池未进入安全阀泄压阶段。

关键词: 磷酸铁锂电池, 热失控, 液氮, 冷却降温

Abstract: This study started from the thermal runaway hazard characteristics of lithium iron phosphate battery packs, experimentally study the thermal runaway characteristics of the 32650 LiFePO4 battery and its thermal runaway propagation process between battery packs. Explore the use of liquid nitrogen spraying to extinguish the thermal runaway propagation between battery packs, and analyze the fire prevention and extinguishing effectiveness of liquid nitrogen on lithium?ion batteries. The experimental results show that the thermal runaway stage of monomer lithium battery can be divided into five stages: passive heating stage, initial explosion stage, self?reaction stage, explosion stage and negative combustion stage. The temperature change curve of monomer battery is inverted "V" shape. Liquid nitrogen can effectively extinguish the thermal runaway propagation between battery packs and greatly reduce the peak temperature of the explosive battery. And the longer the spraying time, the more obvious to prevent the spread of thermal runaway battery group. With 30 s liquid nitrogen spraying, except for battery A1, no safety value pressure relief occured in other batteries.

Key words: lithium iron phosphate battery, thermal runaway, liquid nitrogen, cooling and annealing