主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (12): 1618-1624.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

电动汽车库火灾蔓延与演变特征研究

黄晓家1,2, 张瑞峰1, 陈斌3, 南天辰2   

  1. （1. 南华大学 土木学院，湖南 衡阳 421001；2. 中国中元国际工程有限公司，北京 100089；3. 深圳市消防救援支队，广东 深圳 518000）
  • 出版日期:2023-12-15 发布日期:2023-12-15
  • 作者简介:黄晓家（1964- ），男，中国中元国际工程有限公司安全城市研究院院长，教授级高级工程师，全国工程勘察设计大师，主要从事建筑与工业给水排水、城市节水、海绵城市、特殊消防设计、智慧消防等方面的研究，北京市海淀区西三环北路5号，100089。

Research on the characteristics of fire spread and evolution in electric vehicle garage

Huang Xiaojia1,2, Zhang Ruifeng1, Chen Bin3, Nan Tianchen2   

  1. (1. Civil Engineering College, University of South China, Hunan Hengyang 421001, China; 2. China IPPR International Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100089, China;3. Shenzhen Fire and Rescue Division, Guangdong Shenzhen 518000, China)
  • Online:2023-12-15 Published:2023-12-15

摘要： 本文通过对车库环境进行单车和并排双车实体燃烧试验，采用124路热电偶和两侧对称热流计探究火灾演变和蔓延特征，观察烟气蔓延和燃烧痕迹特征，研究多种火灾抑制技术对电动汽车火灾的抑制效果。结果表明,热失控引发的电动汽车火灾由起火电池沿底盘向四周蔓延，烟气在天花板形成厚厚的烟层；按传统车库设置的各种水灭火设施只能抑制火灾蔓延，无法扑灭火灾；电池单体的总体烧毁率为49％。

关键词: 电动汽车, 火灾蔓延, 汽车库, 火灾扑救

Abstract: In this paper, entity combustion tests of single vehicle and two vehicle side by side are carried out in the garage environment. The fire evolution and propagation characteristics were explored by using 124—channel thermocouples and symmetrical heat flux meters on both sides, and the characteristics of smoke propagation and combustion traces were observed, and the suppression effect of various fire suppression technologies on electric vehicle fires was studied. The results show that the combustion process of electric vehicle fire caused by thermal runaway spreads from the igniting battery along the chassis to the surrounding areas, and the smoke forms a thick layer of smoke in the ceiling. A variety of water fire extinguishing facilities according to the traditional garage set up can only inhibit the spread of fire, but cannot extinguish the fire. The overall burnout rate of the battery cells is 49%.

Key words: electric vehicle, fire spread, car garage, fire fighting