主管:中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办:应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU

消防科学与技术 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 505-509.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

细水雾控制高层住宅烟道火灾的有效性及参数优化

韦 泽,李子建,张培红   

  1. (东北大学 资源与土木工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110819)
  • 出版日期:2022-04-15 发布日期:2022-04-15
  • 作者简介:韦 泽(1999-),男,宁夏银川人,东北大学资源与土木工程学院安全工程系本科在读,主要从事高层建筑火灾及细水雾灭火等方面的研究,辽宁省沈阳市和平区文化路3号巷,110819。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51774067)

Effectiveness and parameter optimization of water mist control system for exhaust duct fire in high-rise residential

WEI Ze, LI Zi-jian, ZHANG Pei-hong   

  1. (School of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Liaoning Shenyang 110819, China)
  • Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-04-15

摘要: 为了有效控制高层住宅厨房烟道火灾,构建细水雾控制厨房食用油火和带分支烟道的高层住宅厨房烟道油垢火的FDS数值模型,分析高层住宅厨房烟道细水雾灭火系统有效性的影响因素及最佳设计参数。结果表明,如果未能即时扑灭高层住宅底层厨房食用油火,在强烈的烟囱效应作用下,高温火焰和烟气会引燃烟道内油垢,造成火势的迅速蔓延。本文所建的30 m高厨房烟道火模型中,最佳细水雾灭火系统运行模式为关闭厨房抽油烟机,即时开启厨房灶台上方和主烟道内分段设置的细水雾喷头,雾流量分别为0.6,10 L/min,细水雾最佳参数为喷射流速10 m/s、喷射角度60°、水雾粒径500 μm。

Abstract: In order to effectively control the kitchen flue fire in high-rise residential buildings, the water mist fire control simulation models for cooking oil fire and cooking grease fire of flue with branches in kitchen in high-rise residential buildings were established based on FDS. The effectiveness and the optimum parameters of the water mist fire suppression system were analyzed. The results show that once a cooking oil fire in the kitchen on the ground floor of a high-rise residential buildings was not suppressed in time, the hot flame and smoke will ignite the cooking grease in the flue under the effect of the strong chimney effect, and the exhaust duct fire will spread immediately. In the fire simulation model of the 30 m height kitchen flue with branches established in this paper, the optimum operation mode of the water mist fire suppression system is to shut down the exhaust fan in the kitchen, start the water mist spray nozzles of 0.6 L/min which are arranged directly above the oil pan and nozzles of 10 L/min at different positions of the main flue of the high-rise residential buildings. The best spray velocity should be 10 m/s with spray angle 60° and 500 μm diameter of water mist particle size.

Key words: high-rise residential building, kitchen flue, cooking oil fire, water mist, parameter optimization