主管：中华人民共和国应急管理部
主办：应急管理部天津消防研究所
ISSN 1009-0029  CN 12-1311/TU
消防科学与技术

消防科学与技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 1466-1469.

• • 上一篇    下一篇

两种地下步行通道火灾排烟模式比较研究

贾伯岩1，张继东2，张国维2，张 鹏1   

  1. 1.国网河北省电力公司电力科学研究院，河北 石家庄 050000；2.中国矿业大学 安全工程学院，江苏 徐州 221116
  • 出版日期:2021-10-15 发布日期:2021-10-15
  • 作者简介:贾伯岩（1978-），男，河北保定人，国网河北省电力公司电力科学研究院高级工程师，硕士，主要从事电力安全运行维护方面的研究，河北省石家庄市体育南大街238号，050000。
  • 基金资助:
    国网河北省电力有限公司科技项目（kj2020-041）；国家电网有限公司科技项目（5200-201932093A-0-0-00）

Comparative study on two fire smoke exhaust modes of underground pedestrian passage

JIA Bo-yan1, ZHANG Ji-dong2,ZHANG Guo-wei2, ZHANG Peng1   

  1. (1. Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Company, Hebei Shijiazhuang 050000, China; 2. School of Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China)
  • Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-15

摘要： 采用理论和FDS数值模拟结合的方法，研究地下步行通道发生火灾（1.5 MW）时，半横向排烟和纵向排烟对地下步行通道内火灾烟气蔓延的控制效果。研究表明，在排烟量相等、送风量不等的条件下，除火源正上方温度超过60 ℃外，半横向排烟模式下火灾参数未达到临界值，有利于行人向火源两侧逃生；纵向排烟模式将火灾参数均控制在临界指标以内，大部分烟气被控制在火源下风侧，有利于行人向上风侧逃生。地下步行通道火灾时，从人员逃生效率以及消防人员应急救援便捷性的角度出发，宜采用半横向排烟模式；从行人受危险因素不确定性影响的角度出发，宜采用纵向排烟模式。

关键词: 地下步行通道, 半横向排烟模式, 纵向排烟模式, FDS, 人员疏散

Abstract: A combination of theory and FDS numerical simulation is used to study the control effects of the semi-transverse smoke exhaust ventilation mode and the longitudinal smoke exhaust ventilation mode on the spread of fire smoke when a fire (1.5 MW) occurs in the underground pedestrian passage. Results have shown that under the condition of equal smoke exhaust volume and different air supply volume, except for the temperature directly above the fire source exceeding 60 ℃, the other semi-transverse smoke exhaust ventilation mode controls fire smoke hazards within the critical index, which is beneficial to escape on both sides of the fire source for pedestrians. The longitudinal smoke exhaust ventilation mode controls the risk factors of fire smoke within the critical index, and most of the smoke is controlled on the downwind side of the fire source, which is beneficial for pedestrians to escape on the windward side. For underground pedestrian passage fire, from the perspective of high personnel escape efficiency, the semi-transverse smoke exhaust ventilation mode should be adopted; from the perspective that pedestrians are affected by the uncertainty of risk factors, the longitudinal smoke exhaust ventilation mode should be adopted.

Key words: underground pedestrian passage, semi-transverse smoke exhaust ventilation mode, longitudinal smoke exhaust ventilation mode, FDS, evacuation